Inhibitory Effects of Pterodon emarginatus Bean Oil and Extract on Staphylococcus aureus

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Abstract
Pharmacognosy Research,2017,9,4,348-353.
Published:November 2017
Type:Original Article
Authors:
Author(s) affiliations:

VS Mendes1, JB Sant'Anna2, S. C. C. Oliveira3, Iriani Rodrigues Maldonade4, Eleuza Rodrigues Machado5

1Department of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Anhanguera School of Brasilia, University Kroton, Taguatinga-DF, BRAZIL.

2Laboratory of Medical Parasitology and Vector Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Area, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, BRAZIL.

3Laboratory of Botany, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia-DF, BRAZIL.

4Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Vegetables), Brasilia-DF, BRAZIL.

5Department of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Anhanguera School of Brasilia, University Kroton, Taguatinga-DF; Laboratory of Medical Parasitology and Vector Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pathology Area, University of Brasilia, Brasilia-DF, BRAZIL.

Abstract:

Background: Pterodon emarginatus is a tree of the Brazilian Savannah. The beans of this tree are used in folk medicine as anti‑inflammatory preparations, especially for infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria can cause simple infections or serious illnesses such as pneumonia, meningitis, endocarditis, toxic shock syndrome, septicemia, and others. Objective: This study had the goal of verifying the effect of the essential oil (OE) from P. emarginatus on the inhibition of S. aureus in culture medium, i.e., “in vitro” tests. Materials and Methods: The vegetable material was cut and crushed with a press. The OE was obtained by extraction using hexane, alcohol, and water. The P. emarginatus extracts obtained were used to evaluate the antimicrobial effect on S. aureus (ATCC 25923) by tests of well diffusion, disc diffusion, and microdilution. The strain used in the assays was maintained in brain heart infusion broth and nutrient agar until testing. Afterward, the bacteria were spread on agar plates with Mueller‑Hinton agar medium. In the wells and on the paper discs, the OE suspensions were placed in the following volumes: 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, and 80 µL and subsequently they were incubated at 35°C ± 2°C. After 24 h, the number of colony‑forming unit was determined. Results: Pure OE and hydroalcoholic extract inhibited the growth of S. aureus, while aqueous extract had no effect on bacterial growth in all microbial methods used. Conclusion: Thus, the present study showed the potential of sucupira‑based extracts against S. aureus growth, opening new perspectives for the evaluation of these bioactive compounds as phytopharmaceutical products.

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Pterodon emarginatus, sucupira tree, native of the Brazilian Savannah (“Cerrado”)

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