TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Gastric Antiulcerogenic Activities of the Hydroalcoholic Extract and Leaf Fractions of Solanum stipulaceum Roem. and Schult. JF - Pharmacognosy Research Y1 - 2021 A1 - Cirlane Alves Araujo de Lima A1 - Daniela Feitosa de Oliveira A1 - Andressa da Silva A1 - Robson Silva de Lima A1 - Jymmys Lopes dos Santos A1 - Antônio Santos Dias A1 - André Luiz Lima Menezes dos Santos A1 - Jamylle Nunes de Souza Ferro A1 - Andrea Yu Kwan Villar Shan A1 - Brancilene Santos de Araujo A1 - Emiliano de Oliveira Barreto A1 - Maria Silene da Silva A1 - Josemar Sena Batista A1 - Sara Maria Thomazzi A1 - Sonia Piacente A1 - Cosimo Pizza A1 - Charles dos Santos Estevam KW - Antioxidant activity KW - Antiulcerogenic activity KW - cytotoxicity KW - Phytochemical screening KW - Solanum stipulaceum KW - Total flavonoid AB -

Background: An earlier ethnobotanical study showed that the species Solanum stipulaceum was indicated first in many orders for the treatment of gastric ulcers. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate phytochemical profile and the antioxidant, antiulcerogenic, protective redox, and cytotoxicity activities of the hydroethanol extract (HEE) and leaf fractions of this plant. Materials and Methods: The HEE was obtained by maceration and fractionated by liquid–liquid extraction in fractions: hexane fraction, chloroform fraction (CF), ethyl acetate fraction (EAF), and hydromethanol fraction (HMF). Phytochemical profile was evaluated by colorimetric methods. Antioxidant activity was measured by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The cellular toxicity was evaluated by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. In vivo antiulcerogenic activity was investigated using the ethanol-induced acute ulcer model. Afterward, protective redox activity was assessed with the plasma and liver of these animals using the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay. Results: Tannins, free steroids, triterpenes, alkaloids, and flavonoids were found in HEE, and total flavonoid measured was 5.26 ± 0.23 μg/mg of the extract. The DPPH activity was higher than 70% for HEE, EAF, and CF. Treatment with HEE (200 and 400 mg/kg) and CF, EAF, and HMF (200 mg/kg) inhibited the ulcer. CF reduces gastric lesions by 88.29% (50 mg/kg) and 85.65% (100 mg/kg). The HEE (400 mg/kg), CF, and EAF (200 mg/kg) reduced oxidative stress in the plasma and in the liver. HMF (200 mg/kg) reduced oxidative stress only in the liver. The HEE and fractions 10–50 μg/mL (P < 0.05) were nontoxic, maintaining cell viability at 65%. Conclusion: The extract and fractions have antioxidant activity in vitro and ex vivo, antiulcerogenic effect in vivo, and low cytotoxicity up to 50 μg/mL.

VL - 12 IS - 3 ER -