02504nas a2200241 4500008004100000245012100041210007100162260001400233300001200247490000700259520168900266653001301955653002001968653001301988653002302001653005202024100002202076700002502098700002602123700002102149700002902170856006302199 2018 eng d00aHydroxycitric Acid‑Induced Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator‑Activated Receptors in 3T3‑L1 Adipocyte Cells0 aHydroxycitric Acid‑Induced Activation of Peroxisome Proliferator cJuly 2018 a275-2810 v103 a

Background: Increase in obesity incidence has become serious threat to civilized human population. Traditional Indian System of Medicines may have many potential leads in managing obesity. (‑)‑Hydroxycitric acid (HCA), a unique compound which is present in Garcinia species, has been safely used for centuries in Southeastern Asia for various purposes. Objective: To determine the effect of HCA treatment on peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptors (PPARs) and their target genes. Materials and Methods: Effect of the calcium salt of HCA on adipogenic transcription factors PPARs and their target genes (lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid synthase, fatty acid binding protein, glucose transporter 4, and adiponectin) during adipogenesis in 3T3‑L1 was investigated. The extent of adipogenesis was checked by measuring the lipid accumulation and glucose uptake in the presence and absence of HCA. Results: HCA treatment modulated the differentiation of adipocytes in a dose‑dependent manner, wherein lower concentrations showed increased accumulation of lipid depots. HCA treatment increased PPARγ and its target genes during adipocyte differentiation, which emphasize the role of HCA in adipocity and obesity. Moreover, the binding conformations of HCA and PPARα and PPARγ were predicted using flexible docking and confirmed with known agonists, which also confirms the bioactivity. Conclusion: HCA decreases circulating lipids through raised levels of adipogenic‑specific genes activated by the PPARs, thereby augmenting adiposity and related complications.

10a3T3‑L110aAdipocyte cells10aGarcinia10aHydroxycitric acid10aPeroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ1 aParjapath, Ramesh1 aSali, Veeresh, Kumar1 aKannan, Sangeetha, M.1 aKurapati, Atmaja1 aVasanthi, Hannah, Rachel uhttps://www.phcogres.com/article/2018/10/3/104103prpr11517