@article {278, title = {Effect of UP165, a Zea mays Leaf Extract Standardized for 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone, as Sleep Adjunct}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {156-160}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {156}, abstract = {

Background: Sleep is a natural phenomenon essential for rejuvenating the body, promoting good health, upholding memory, performance, and maintaining overall health. Its deprivation is linked to the increased health risk that leads to poor quality of life and negative socioeconomic consequences. While behavioral techniques, such as improving sleep hygiene, are typically the first-line of intervention, pharmaceutical drugs are frequently used as adjuncts. However, for most, besides being too expensive, the long-term use of these drugs is marred by their severe adverse side effects and crippling dependency. As a result, significant numbers of patients are always in search for a safe and efficacious alternative from natural sources. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the effects of UP165, a Zea mays (commonly known as corn) leaf extract standardized for 6-methoxybenzoxazolinone content, on sleep latency and sleep time in pentobarbital-induced mouse sleep model. The extract was orally administered at 250 mg/kg (low dose), 500 mg/kg (mid dose), and 1000 mg/kg (high dose) daily for 32 days. The immediate impact of the extract on sleep was also assessed. Results: Increases of 11.6 {\textpm} 0.2 (P = 0.008), 10.2 {\textpm} 2.4 (P = 0.022), and 10.5 {\textpm} 0.9 (P = 0.017) minutes in sleep time were observed for the 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg UP165 treated mice compared to vehicle control, respectively. Up to 67\% sleep latency incidence was observed for mice treated with UP165 compared to the 20\% in the vehicle control group. UP165 showed no immediate drowsiness effect. No differences in baseline and end of study bodyweight were observed between groups. Conclusion: UP165 could be used as an adjunct for a sleep disorder.

}, keywords = {6-methoxybenzoxazolinone, Anxiety, Sleep disorder, Stress, Zea mays}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_148_17}, author = {Mesfin Yimam and Ping Jiao and Mei Hong and Lidia Brownell and Qi Jia} } @article {934, title = {Effect of Nanohypericum (Hypericum perforatum gold nanoparticles) Treatment on Restraint Stressinduced Behavioral and Biochemical Alteration in Male Aalbino Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {January 2011}, pages = {330-334}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {330}, abstract = {

Backgorund: Hypericum perforatum extract (HPE), is known for its antidepressant effect. Methods: In the present study we investigated the effect of H. perforatum gold nanoparticles (Nanohypericum-HPGNPs) protective role against restraint stress-induced behavioral and biochemical alterations in mice. Animals were immobilized for a period of 6 hrs/day. HPE (200 mg/kg) and nanohypericum (20 mg/kg) were administered 30 minutes before the animals were subjected to acute immobilized stress. Behavioral test parameters for anxiety and spatial memory were assessed followed by biochemical parmeters (lipid peroxidation, super oxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione, etc.) subsequently. Results: The behavior study showed severe anxiety and memory loss compared to unstressed animals. Biochemical analyses revealed an increase in lipid per oxidation, depletion of super oxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, catalase activity and glutathione per oxidase as compared to unstressed animal. Twenty one days of H. perforatum and nanohypericum treatment in a dose of 200 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively, significantly attenuated restraint stress-induced behavioral and oxidative damage. Conclusion: In conclusion nanohypericum prove the modest activity than the HPE.

}, keywords = {Goldnanoparticles, Hypericum perforatum, mirror chamber, Nanohypericum, Stress, T-maze}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.75450}, author = {D Jaya Prakash and S ArulKumar and M Sabesan} } @article {927, title = {Antioxidative Effect of Trichosanthes tricuspidata Root Extract on Sildenafil Induced Migraine in Albino Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {January 2010 }, pages = {402-405}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {402}, abstract = {

Migraine is considered a neurovascular disease involving the dilatation of cerebral arteries. Because of their dual role in modulating neuronal and vascular events, neuropeptides have been implied to be of importance in migraine pathophysiology. It is a highly prevalent disorder which manifests clinically as moderate to severe or severe headache attacks with frequent frontotemporal unilateral location and associated symptoms. The disability of migraine results in considerable economic and social losses .Nitric oxide, a short lived vasodilator and weak oxygen radical has been implicated in the genesis of migraine headaches. Hence the role of all enzymic and non enzymic antioxidants becomes in evitable in the treatment of migraine. Trichosanthes tricuspidata{\textquoteright}s (red apple gourd) antioxidant effect was tested over Sildenafil induced migraine in female albino mice. The levels of antioxidant enzymes such as super oxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidase(LPO), catalase(CAT) and glutahione peroxidase(GPx) were more promising in the treatment group fed with the root extract of Trichosanthes tricuspidata.

}, keywords = {Nitric oxide, Oxygen radical, Sildenafil, Stress}, doi = {Nil}, author = {Nithiya .P and Karthik Mohan} }