@article {1274, title = {Simplified Column Fractionation with DPPH Assay Guidance: Isolated a Potent Hepatoprotective Fraction from Cassia auriculata}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {638-651}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {638}, abstract = {

Background: Hepatoprotection is a critical area for research due to limitations of synthetic drugs and their side effects in the treatment of liver diseases. Natural compounds, particularly those derived from herbs with hepatoprotective therapeutical potential are serving as a best alternative for the same indication. Cassia auriculata, used traditionally in Indian folk medicine, has having a promising pharmacological activities, including hepatoprotective effects. Objectives: Present study aimed to evaluate using antioxidant activity to find out hepatoprotective compounds present in C. auriculata leaf extract and its solvent fractions through in vitro, in vivo experiments and LCMS analysis. Materials and Methods: The DPPH assay was employed to assess in vitro antioxidant activity, while cytotoxicity and hepatoprotective effects against H2O2-induced hepatotoxicity in HepG2 cell lines were investigated. Furthermore, the hepatoprotective activity of the most active Column fraction was evaluated against CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in albino Wistar rats. LCMS analysis was utilized to identify bioactive compounds in the most active Column fraction and correlations between antioxidant activity and phenolic, tannin and flavonoid contents were also explored. Results: The findings of the present study suggest that most active Column fraction from C. auriculata possess significant antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties, making them promising candidates for further investigation as potential therapeutic agents for liver diseases. Conclusion: This study aims to bridge the gap in understanding the correlation between antioxidant and hepatoprotective potential of C. auriculata extract and its fractions through rigorous experimental investigations. Overall, the present study contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in liver disease management, paving the way for further research and development in this field. Keywords: Cassia auriculata, Hepatoprotective activity, LCMS, HepG2 cell lines, Column chromatography.

}, keywords = {Cassia auriculata, Column chromatography, Hepatoprotective activity, HepG2 cell lines, LCMS}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.3.75}, author = {Tripathy Amrutanand S and Manoj Madanahalli Ramesh and Nischith Sirawase Shankar and Annegowda Hardur Venkatappa} } @article {276, title = {Therapeutic Implications of Ajwa Dates (Phoenix dactylifera) in the Inhibition of Liver Tissue Alterations through the Modulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Phosphatase, and Tensin Homolog Gene}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {151-155}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {151}, abstract = {

Background: Dates are a plant species in the palm family, Arecaceae and is used as staple food in the Middle East for thousands of years. Aim: The current study was undertaken to evaluate the protective role of ajwa dates extract (ADE) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on mice mode through different groups as control group without treatment of CCl4, ADE and CCl4-treated group, and CCl4-treated group only. Results: This finding demonstrated that histological alterations including degeneration, congestion and infiltration of lymphocytes were seen in the liver tissue in CCl4-treated groups. However, ADE-treated groups showed protection to attenuate CCl4-induced liver toxicity through maintenance of architecture of hepatocytes as evident of congestion, necrosis, and degeneration was not noticed. Moreover, a few number of infiltrations of lymphocytes were noticed in ADE-treated groups. However, expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein was evaluated in all groups, and it was observed that PTEN was highly expressed in control group and ADE-treated group. Whereas, PTEN expression was also observed in CCl4-treated group, but out of eight cases, one case showed less expression of PTEN protein. The difference in expression pattern of PTEN protein in CCl4-treated group and ajwa-treated group was statically insignificant (P \> 0.05). VEGF was not expressed in control and ajwa-treated group. While expression of VEGF protein was observed in CCl4-treated group, and it was noticed that two out of eight cases showed expression of VEGF protein. Conclusion: The findings supported the idea that ADE might reduce liver tissue alterations or maintenance of architecture of hepatocytes. Ajwa dates-treated group showed decreased in the VEGF expression and such angiogenesis process involve in migration and differentiation of endothelial cells as well as prevent the loss of PTEN protein expression.

}, keywords = {Ajwa dates, Apoptosis, Carbon tetrachloride, Hepatoprotective activity, Phosphatase and tensin homolog, Vascular endothelial growth}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_119_17}, author = {Arshad H. Rahmani and Amjad A. Khan and Ali Y. Babiker and Masood A. Khan and Mohammad A. Alzohairy} } @article {382, title = {Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Effect of Abutilon indicum and Piper longum Phytosomes}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {December 2015}, pages = {29-36}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {29}, abstract = {

Background: Evidences from ethnopharmacological practices have shown that combination of Abutilon indicum and Piper longum are traditionally used to treat symptoms of the liver disorder. The hypothesis is phytosomes of a combination of both crude drug extract will be more effective and safe as hepatoprotective agent. Aim: Present work is aimed at development and characterization of phytosomes containing ethanolic extract of both drugs to meet the need for better effectiveness and safety. Materials and Methods: Phytosomes were formulated by using Indena{\textquoteright}s patented process. Characterization involved following parameters: Particle size determination, percentage yield, entrapment efficiency, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscope, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and high performance thin liquid chromatography. Liver damage was induced in adult Charles foster rats (150 {\textpm} 10 g) with CCl4 in olive oil (1:1 v/v, i.p) 1 ml/kg once daily for 7 days. LIV 52 (1 ml/kg per oral [p.o]), ethanolic extract of A. indicum and P. longum combination (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg p.o) and phytosomes (100 mg/kg p.o.) was given 3 days prior to CCl4 administration. Estimation of liver marker enzymes and histopathological studies were done. Result was analyzed by using (analysis of variance) followed by Student-Newman{\textendash}Keuls test. Result: Combined extract has shown hepatoprotective activity but phytosomal formulation has more potent hepatoprotective effect on CCl4 induced liver toxicity at very low dose comparative to a higher dose of combined extract. Conclusion: Novel approach for herbal drug delivery is more prominent than conventional which improves bioavailability of polar extract and also patient compliance.

}, keywords = {Abutilon indicum, Characterization, Hepatoprotective activity, Phytosome, Piper longum}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.171102}, author = {Sonam Sharma and Alakh Niranjan Sahu} } @article {683, title = {Hepatoprotective Effect of Poly Herbal Formulation Against Various Hepatotoxic Agents in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {4}, year = {2012}, month = {december,2011}, pages = {50-56}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {50}, abstract = {

Background: Individually Andrographis paniculata Nees. (Acanthaceae), Phyllanthus niruri Linn.(Euphorbiaceae) and Phyllanthus emblica Linn. single plant extracts have been reported to have hepatoprotective activity. However, literature survey shows that no sufficient scientific data has been publish on pharmacological evaluation of these plants in combined form. Materials\ and Methods: Hepatoprotective activity of the polyherbal hepatoprotaective formulation (PHF)-containing spray-dried aqueous extracts of Andrographis paniculata Nees. (Acanthaceae), Phyllanthus niruri Linn. (Euphorbiaceae) and Phyllanthus emblica Linn. (Euphorbiaceae), was screened against paracetamol, carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), and ethanol-induced hepatic damage in rats. PHF was evaluated by measuring levels of serum marker enzymes like SGOT, SGPT, ALP, direct bilirubin (DB), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The histological studies were also studied support the biochemical parameters. Silymarin was used as standard drug. Results: Administration of PHF (100 and 200 mg/kg p.o.) significantly inhibited paracetamol, CCl 4 and ethanol-induced elevation levels of SGPT, SGOT, ALP, DB and LDH. A comparative histopathological study of liver exhibited almost normal architecture as compared to toxicant group. Conclusion: Results suggests that the hepatoprotective effects of PHF might be useful for liver protection due to combined action of all plant extracts along with their phytoconstituents.

}, keywords = {Andrographis paniculata Nees, Carbon tetrachloride, Hepatoprotective activity, Marker enzymes, Paracetamol, Phyllanthus niruri Linn}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.91040}, author = {Anil U Tatiya and Sanjay J Surana and Manisha P Sutar and Nehal H Gamit} }