@article {1004, title = {Estrogenic Effect of Asparagus racemosus, Cissus quadrangularis, Punica granatum and Pueraria tuberosa in Post-menopausal Syndrome}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {October 2021}, pages = {238-245}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {238}, abstract = {

Background: Asparagus racemosus, Cissus quadrangularis, Punica granatum and Pueraria tuberosa are employed for their supposed properties in treatment in alleviating symptoms of menopause traditionally from ages. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the estrogenic effect of Asparagus racemosus, Cissus quadrangularis, Punica granatum and Pueraria tuberosa in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Materials and Methods: Female wistar rats were divided into sham control and ovariectomized (OVX), OVX rats receiving standard drug, raloxifene (5.4 mg/kg) and groups treated with 500 mg/kg and 700 mg/kg of test drug (containing equal quantity of Asparagus racemosus, Pueraria tuberose, Cissus quadrangularis and Punica granatum extracts) daily for 90 days. The vaginal cornification, uterine weight, bone loss, biomechanical, biochemical and histopathological observation were carried out to ascertain the effect of test drug in post-menopausal syndrome. Results: The experimental animals treated with mixture of extract of four drugs showed dose dependent activity. The significant increase in uterine weight, femur BMD, femur hardness, was observed. In addition, increased levels of calcium and phosphorus in serum and significant decreased in urine were observed as compared to control OVX group. The histopathological results also confirm the protective effect of extracts. Conclusion: The present findings strongly suggest that Asparagus racemosus, Cissus quadrangularis, Punica granatum and Pueraria tuberosa possess the potent estrogenic activity in ovariectomized rats and substantiate the ethnic use in treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

}, keywords = {Biochemical, Estrogenic, Histopathological, Menopause, Ovariectomized (OVX) rats, Post menopausal syndrome}, doi = {10.5530/pres.13.4.17}, author = {Seema Singh and Santosh Kumar and Sunita Singh and Chetna Mishra and Dinesh Tripathi and S K Verma} } @article {271, title = {Detection of Estrogenic, Antiestrogenic, and Drug Synergistic Activities of Seven Commercially Available Fruits by In Vitro Reporter Assays}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {137-142}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {137}, abstract = {

Background: Fruits are known to possess antiosteoporotic and anticancer properties in part due to their estrogenic and antiestrogenic activities. Objective: In this study, estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and drug synergistic activities of seven commercially available fruits were evaluated. Materials and Methods: A steroid-regulated transcription system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae containing a human estrogen receptor alpha expression plasmid, and a β-galactosidase gene reporter plasmid was employed for the estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and drug agonistic studies. Results: California table grape extract showed the highest estrogenic activity. The estrogenic activities of other extracts ranked as follows: blackberry, red raspberry, strawberry \> blueberry \> jackfruit, black raspberry. The transcriptional activities of the combination estradiol-fruit extracts (FEs) (400E equivalents) ranked as follows: blueberry (95.9\%), blackberry (86.2\%), black raspberry (88.9\%), and California table grape (81.5\%) \> jackfruit (72.2\%), and red raspberry (73.2\%) \> strawberry (60.7\%). Black and red raspberry extracts showed the highest synergistic activities with 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT). Black and red raspberry extracts in combination with 4-OHT lowered the estradiol activity by 74.9\% and 73.9\%, respectively. The highest synergistic activity with nafoxidine (NAF) was displayed by red raspberry extract. Together, NAF and red raspberry extract lowered estradiol activity by 77.9\%. Fold changes were calculated for drug synergistic activities of FEs, and they ranged from 1.3 to 15.3 for 4-OHT and 1.5{\textendash}17.4 for NAF, respectively. Conclusions: The active compounds in the FEs studied may be useful in enhancing the antiestrogen activities of chemotherapy drugs and be used as chemopreventive agents for patients at high risk of estrogen-induced cancers.

}, keywords = {4-hydroxytamoxifen, Antiestrogenic, Drug synergism, Estrogenic, Nafoxidine, Steroid-regulated yeast system}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_111_17}, author = {Paramita Basu and Dinu Dixon and Sherin Varghese and Camelia Maier} }