@article {265, title = {Cytotoxicity Studies of the Extracts, Fractions, and Isolated Compound of Pseudocedrela kotschyi on Cervical Cancer (HeLa), Breast Cancer (MCF-7) and Skeletal Muscle Cancer (RD) Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {46-50}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {46}, abstract = {

Background: This study determined the cytotoxic effects of root and stem bark extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds derived from Pseudocedrela kotschyi on HeLa, MCF-7, and RD cells. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic activity was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay against three cell lines (RD, HeLa, and MCF 7) at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1000 μg/mL. Isolation of crude saponin was done from the most active ethyl acetate fraction and further purified using vacuum liquid chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatographic techniques. Results: The cytotoxicity assay revealed that the methanol extract from the root bark and the ethyl acetate fraction from the stem bark exhibited marked anticancer activity with IC50 of 87.36 μg/ml and 21.53 μg/ml, respectively, on HeLa cancer cell line and 101.51 μg/mL and 38.46 μg/mL, respectively, on RD cell line. These values are comparable with that obtained from vinblastine and methotrexate used as standard drugs (IC50 values of 0.01 μg/mL and 0.05 μg/mL, respectively). The isolated crude saponins also gave IC50 values of 5.28 μg/mL and 81.52 μg/mL against the RD cell lines and IC50 values of 1.05 μg/mL and 86.8 μg/mL for the MCF 7 cancer cell lines. PTLC led to the isolation of a compound from the crude saponin which was identified as 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin through spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. Conclusions: P. kotschyi could be considered as a potential source of chemotherapeutic agent. However, further research to determine the exact mechanism of action needs to be carried out.

}, keywords = {3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin, cytotoxicity, HeLa, MCF-7, Pseudocedrela kotschyi, RD}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.199776}, author = {Taiwo O Elufioye and Abolaji A Abdul and Jone O Moody} } @article {386, title = {Cytotoxic Activity of ten Aagae from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea on Human Beast Cancer cell lines; MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and T-47D}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {June 2015}, pages = {133-137}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {133}, abstract = {

Background:\ Seaweeds have proven to be a promising natural source of bioactive metabolites for drug development.\ Objective:\ This study aimed to monitor the ethanol extract of ten algae from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, for their\ in vitro\ cytotoxic activity on three human breast cancer cell lines.\ MaterialsandMethods:\ Three human breast cancer cell lines including MDA-MB-231(ER-\ ), MCF-7(ER\ +\ ), and T-47D (ER\ +\ ) were treated by different concentrations of total ethanol (90\%) algae extracts and the cytotoxic effects were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Doxorubicin (Ebewe, Austria) was used as a positive control. After 72 h of incubation, the cytotoxic effect of the algae was calculated and presented as 50\%-inhibitory concentration (IC50\ ).\ Results:\ The results indicated\ Gracilariafoliifera\ and\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. to be the most active algae in terms of cytotoxic effects on the investigated cancer cell lines. The IC\ 50\ values against MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and T-47D cells were, respectively, 74.89 ΁ 21.71, 207.81 ΁ 12.07, and 203.25 ΁ 30.98 mg/ml for\ G.foliifera\ and 66.48 ΁ 4.96, 150.86 ΁ 51.56 and \>400 mg/ml for\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. The rest of the algal extracts were observed not to have significant cytotoxic effects in the concentration range from 6.25 mg/ml to 400 mg/ml.\ Conclusion:\ Our data conclusively suggest that\ G.foliifera\ and\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. may be good candidates for further fractionation to obtain novel anticancer substances. Moreover, stronger cytotoxic effects on estrogen negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231(ER-\ )) in comparison to estrogen positive cells (MCF-7 and T-47D) suggest that the extract of\ G.foliifera\ and\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. may have an estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-independent mechanism for their cellular growth inhibition.

}, keywords = {3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Algae, cytotoxicity, Oman Sea, Persian Gulf}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.150539 }, author = {Nasrollah Erfani and Zahra Nazemosadat and Mahmoodreza Moein} }