@article {224, title = {Anticonvulsant and Antioxidant Effects of Musa sapientum Stem Extract on Acute and Chronic Experimental Models of Epilepsy}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {February 2018}, pages = {49-54}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {49}, abstract = {

Background: Musa sapientum (banana) plant extract has been shown to possess antioxidant activity in previous studies. Neuronal injury resulting from oxidative stress is an important factor involved in pathogenesis of epilepsy. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the anticonvulsant activity of M. sapientum stem extract (MSSE) in acute and chronic experimental models in mice and its effects on various markers of oxidative stress in the brain of pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-kindled animals. Material and Methods: Maximal electroshock seizures (MES) and PTZ-induced convulsion models were used for acute studies. For the chronic study, the effect of MSSE on the development of kindling was studied. For the evaluation of the effects of MSSE on oxidative stress in brain, malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were estimated in the brains of the kindled animals. Results: MSSE significantly increased the latency to onset of myoclonic jerks and the duration of clonic convulsions following PTZ administration. The MSSE pretreated group showed significantly reduced mean seizure score on PTZ-induced kindling. There was a significant increase in the brain MDA levels and decrease in GSH levels in response to PTZ-induced kindling. On MSSE pretreatment, there was a significant decrease in the MDA levels in the brains, though the increase in the GSH levels was not significant. Conclusion: The results from this study suggest the presence of significant anticonvulsant activity in MSSE, in both acute and chronic PTZ-induced seizure models, which could be due to its antioxidant activity, as is reflected by the change in oxidative stress markers in brain.

}, keywords = {Epilepsy, Musa sapientum, Oxidative stress, Seizure}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_31_17}, author = {Aditya J. Reddy and Ashok Kumar Dubey and Shailendra S. Handu and Prashant Sharma and Pramod K. Mediratta and Qazi Mushtaq Ahmed and Seema Jain} } @article {512, title = {Effect of Musa sapientum Stem Extract on Animal Models of Depression}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {August 2016}, pages = {249-252}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {249}, abstract = {

Background: Musa sapientum, the banana plant, has shown to possess antioxidant activity in previous studies. Oxidative stress has been linked to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) with evidence of increased serum levels of oxidative stress biomarkers in MDD patients. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the antidepressant activity of M. sapientum stem extract (MSSE) in experimental models in mice. Materials and Methods: Forced swim test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were carried out in five different groups (n = 6/ group) of mice. The vehicle, standard drug, and the three test groups were orally administered distilled water (10 mL/kg), fluoxetine (25 mg/kg), and incremental doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg of MSSE, respectively, 45 min prior to the experiment. Results: On FST, the duration of immobility in control group, which was 161.5 {\textpm} 6.78 (in seconds, mean {\textpm} standard error of mean [SEM]), decreased to 149.33 {\textpm} 2.70 (25 mg/kg MSSE), 120.17 {\textpm} 8.35 (50 mg/kg MSSE), and 45.17 {\textpm} 4.11 (100 mg/kg MSSE) in the treated groups. On TST, the duration of immobility in control group, which was 173.83 {\textpm} 12.65 (mean {\textpm} SEM), decreased to 163.17 {\textpm} 6.91 (25 mg/kg MSSE), 139.0 {\textpm} 5.9 (50 mg/kg MSSE), and 124.0 {\textpm} 4.42 (100 mg/kg MSSE) in the treated groups. The difference in the duration of immobility was statistically significant at middle and higher doses, i.e. 50 and 100 mg/kg MSSE (P \< 0.05) respectively, when compared with the control group in both the tests. Conclusion: A significant antidepressant-like activity was found in MSSE, which could be a potential natural compound for use in depression.

}, keywords = {Depression, Musa sapientum, Oxidative stress}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.188876}, author = {Aditya J. Reddy and Shailendra S. Handu and Ashok Kumar Dubey and Pramod Kumari Mediratta and Rimi Shukla and Qazi Mushtaq Ahmed} } @article {657, title = {Anti-ulcer and Ulcer Healing Potentials of Musa Sapientum Peel Extract in the Laboratory Rodents}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {May 2013}, pages = {173-178}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {173}, abstract = {

Background:\ This study investigated the anti-ulcer and ulcer healing potentials of the methanol extract of\ Musa sapientum\ peel in the laboratory rats.\ Materials and Methods:\ Methanol extract of the peels on\ Musa sapientum\ (MEMS) was evaluated for its anti-ulcer using alcohol-induced, aspirin-induced, and pyloric ligation-induced models, and for its ulcer healing employing acetic acid-induced ulcer models in rats.\ Results:\ The findings from this experiment showed that MEMS (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg, b.w.) anti-ulcer and ulcer healing activity (P\ <= 0.05) is dose-dependent. Also, MEMS exhibited healing of the ulcer base in all the treated groups when compared with the control group.\ Conclusion:\ The outcomes of this experiment revealed that the anti-ulcer effect of MEMS may be due to its anti-secretory and cyto-protective activity. The healing of the ulcer base might not be unconnected with basic fibroblast growth factors responsible for epithelial regeneration.

}, keywords = {Anti-ulcer, Musa sapientum, Peptic Ulcer, Ulcer Healing}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.112423}, author = {Samuel Adetunji Onasanwo and Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe and Austin Azubuike Ajah and Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye} } @article {879, title = {Indigenous Anti-ulcer Activity of Musa Sapientum on Peptic Ulcer}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {3}, year = {2011}, month = {November,2011}, pages = {232-238}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {232}, abstract = {

Background: Peptic ulcer disease (PUD), encompassing gastric and duodenal ulcers is the most prevalent gastrointestinal disorder. The pathophysiology of PUD involves an imbalance between offensive factors like acid, pepsin and defensive factors like nitric oxide and growth factors. The clinical evaluation of antiulcer drugs showed tolerance, incidence of relapses and sideeffects that make their efficacy arguable. An indigenous drug like Musa sapientum possessing fewer side-effects is the major thrust area of present day research, aiming at a better and safer approach for the management of PUD. Material and Methods: The unripe plantain bananas (Musa sapientum) were shade-dried, powdered and used for phytochemical analysis and as antiulcer drug. In our present study Group I rats served as control and were treated with saline, Group II was indomethacin-induced ulcerated rats, Group III received aqueous extract of Musa sapientum along with indomethacin and Group IV received esomeprazole along with indomethacin for 21 days. The anti-ulcerogenic activity was investigated by performing hematological, mucosal, antioxidant profile in comparison with the standard drug esomeprazole. Results: Our findings from High - Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) analysis showed that Musa sapientum has an active compound a monomeric flavonoid (leucocyanidin) with anti-ulcerogenic activity. Results were expressed as mean {\textpm} SD. All our results are in congruous with the results of standard drug esomeprazole. Conclusion: It could be clearly concluded that administration of the aqueous extract of Musa sapientum at the dose used in this study tends to ameliorate ulcers. Its use in indigenous medicine should be scientifically scrutinized with further research.

}, keywords = {Esomeprazole, Gastric mucosa, Lleucocyanidin, Musa sapientum}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.89742}, author = {P. Prabha and Thirunethiran Karpagam and B. Varalakshmi and A. Sohna Chandra Packiavathy} }