@article {1395, title = {Bioactive Constituents of Curcuma amada Roxb. Rhizome and its Antimicrobial Activity against Food Spoilage Microorganisms}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {581-587}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {581}, abstract = {

Background: Curcuma amada Roxb. is popularly known as mango ginger due to its morphological similarity to ginger but has raw mango characteristics. It is well known for its several medicinal and pharmacological activities. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of different extracts of Curcuma amada Roxb. rhizome and its phytochemical screening using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Materials and Methods: Antimicrobial activity of different C. amada rhizome extracts (acetone, hexane, ethanol and aqueous) were screened against spoilage bacteria and fungi using agar well diffusion method. The spoilage bacteria included Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter mori, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus inaquosorum, while the spoilage fungi included Penicillium citrinum, Alternaria alstroemeriae, Aspergillus welwitschiae, Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus aflatoxiformans. Results: C. amada rhizome ethanolic extract showed significant inhibitory activity against spoilage microorganisms at 10 mg/mL. MIC values for spoilage bacteria ranged from 0.5 to 5 mg/mL, whereas for spoilage fungi were 0.75 to 10 mg/mL. GC-MS analysis of ethanolic extract identified seven compounds viz. Linoleic acid ethyl ester, (E)-9-Octadecanoic acid ethyl ester, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Dotriacontane, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol and Octadecanoic acid, ethyl ester. Conclusion: The rhizome of Curcuma amada is a rich source of phytochemicals and has an antagonistic effect on food spoilage bacteria and fungi. The chemical constituents present in C. amada rhizome extract indicated antimicrobial potency against spoilage microorganisms that can be utilized in food preservation.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial activity, Curcuma amada, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Minimum inhibitory concentration, Rhizome extracts}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252063}, author = {Rashmi Shahi and Suvarna V. Chavannavar and Veena S. Anil and Bharath Kumar N} } @article {1311, title = {Analysis of Volatile Compounds in Caulerpa lentillifera for Anti-Proliferative Studies in HEPG2 Liver Cancer Cells and in silico Comparison}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {854-860}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {854}, abstract = {

Background: Liver cancer remains a significant cause of mortality despite standard therapies. Recent studies have highlighted the anti-inflammatory properties and cancer prevention potential of certain agents. Caulerpa lentillifera (C. lentillifera) is known for its anti-inflammatory activity, yet there is limited understanding regarding its impact on liver cancer. Aim: Hence, this study aims to identify volatile compounds in C. lentillifera and associate them with cytotoxicity and molecular interactions involving the molecular marker SREBP-1A in liver cancer cells. Materials and Methods: Compounds present in the extract were identified using gas chromatography MS. Functional analysis involved proliferation and clonogenic assays. The interaction of the fatty acids with the biomarkers was assessed using AutoDock software. Results: The most abundant fatty acids identified were palmitic acid and tridecanoic acid. Cellular analysis revealed a dose-response antiproliferative effect on HepG2 cell growth, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 1.2 mg/mL. Similarly, colony formation was significantly suppressed (p \< 0.05). In silico analysis demonstrated a higher affinity binding of palmitic acid to SREBP-1A compared to alpha-fetoprotein. Conclusion: The study suggests that palmitic acid exhibits antiproliferative activity in HepG2 liver cancer cells by binding to SREBP-1A. Further investigations are warranted to determine the regulatory effect of palmitic acid in liver cancer.

}, keywords = {cytotoxicity, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Hepatocellular carcinoma, Palmitic acid, SREBP-1A}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.4.97}, author = {Rammiya Rajasegaran and Asita Elengoe and Sau Pin Woo and Muhammad Ariffuddin Abd Hamd and Noorfatimah Yahaya and Shahrul Hamid} } @article {187, title = {Phytochemical Screening and Bioactive Potential of Pod Seed Extracts of Leucaena leucocephala Linn}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {361-367}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {361}, abstract = {

Background: Free radicals generated during injury lead to the development of various diseases such as diabetes, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, and cancer. Antioxidants present in plants can prevent the deleterious effect of these free radicals. Among various plants, Leucaena leucocephala is a mimosoid, fast-growing, nitrogen-fixing small tree having pods with various medicinal properties. Objective: Hence, the present study was designed to determine the bioactive potential of ethanolic and methanolic extracts of L. leucocephala pod seeds. Materials and Methods: We have assessed the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the extract. In addition, the presence of various metabolites and other compounds was also evaluated though gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Results: The results indicated that the methanol extract had relatively higher antibacterial and antioxidant properties than ethanol extract. Furthermore, GC-MS data revealed the presence of various active constituents in the methanolic extract. Conclusion: Thus, the bioactive potential of various compounds present in methanol extracts of plant parts could be responsible for its antibacterial and antioxidant properties.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial, Antioxidant, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Leucaena leucocephala, Phytochemicals, Plant extracts}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_49_20}, author = {Om Prakash and Salma Malik and Kumari Vandana Rani and Vipin Kumar Verma} } @article {643, title = {Preliminary Phytochemical and Antibacterial Screening of Sesuvium Portulacastrum in the United Arab Emirates}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {4}, year = {2012}, month = {October ,2012}, pages = {219-224}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {219}, abstract = {

Background: The present study describes the phytochemical profile and antimicrobial activity of Sesuvium portulacastrum. Materials and Methods: Three extracts of S. portulacastrum obtained by extraction in aqueous, ethanolic and dichloromethane solvents, respectively, were compared for their antimicrobial activity and ethanolic extract further subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to find out the nature of the compounds responsible for the antimicrobial activity. The antibacterial activities were assessed by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values. Results: Compared to the aqueous and dichloromethane extract, the ethanolic extract showed better antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli, indicating its potential application related to noscomial infections. GC-MS results revealed 22, 23-Dihydrostigmasterol, Benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-(Gallic acid), (2R,3R)-(-)-Epicatechin and Capsaicin in the ethanolic extract to be the molecules responsible for the antimicrobial activity of S. portulacastrum. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on analysis of antimicrobial components from S. portulacastrum in United Arab Emirates (UAE), and our results confer the utility of this plant extract in developing a novel broad spectrum antimicrobial agent.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Phytochemical, Sesuvium portulacastrum}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.102269}, author = {Amad Al-Azzawi and Alyaa Alguboori and Mahmoud Y Hachim and M Najat and A Al Shaimaa and Maryam Sad} }