@article {173, title = {Citrus limon L. Gel Stimulate Lymphocytes and Interleukin-10 Expression in Traumatic Diabetic Oral Ulcers}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {299-302}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {299}, abstract = {

Background: Citrus limon L. and its peel report anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-fungal, and anti-bacterial properties. However, the effects of C. limon L. gel to treat traumatic oral ulcers on diabetic conditions have yet to be investigated. Purpose: This study aims to discover the potent effect of C. limon L. on traumatic diabetic oral ulcers, in terms of both lymphocytes and interleukin (IL)-10 expression. Materials and Methods: C. limon L. gel was made from C. limon L. peel and was extracted by means of steam distillation. Twenty male, diabetic Wistar rats with traumatic ulcers on the inferior labial mucosa were divided into four groups (n = 5). The control groups were treated with 3\% carboxylmethyl celullosa natrium and the treatment groups were treated with C. limon L. gel. Each treatment was administered once a day for either 5 or 7 days. Lymphocytes were analyzed by means of hematoxylin and eosin staining and IL-10 expression by immunohistochemistry staining. An independent t-test (P \< 0.05) was used to analyze and determine the number of lymphocytes and IL-10 expression. Results: The number of lymphocytes and IL-10 expression in the treatment groups on the fifth and 7th days was higher than those in the control groups (P \< 0.05). Conclusion: The essential oil in C. limon L. peel can be used to treat traumatic diabetic oral ulcers, as it is able to stimulate the number of lymphocytes and IL-10 expression.

}, keywords = {Citrus limon L, Diabetes mellitus, Interleukin-10, Lymphocytes, Traumatic ulcer}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_12_20}, author = {Fatma Yasmin Mahdani and Diah Savitri Ernawati and Priyo Hadi and Bagus Soebadi and Shiffin Devi Mardiyana and Dwi Susanti and Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo} } @article {182, title = {Chromatographic Profiles, Anti-inflammatory, and Cytotoxicity Potential of Extracts of Banisteriopsis pubipetala (A. Juss)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {November,2019}, pages = {339-345}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {339}, abstract = {

Background: Banisteriopsis pubipetala is a little-studied species belonging to the same genus of B. caapi, which stands out for the bioactive compounds known to be important in the degenerative diseases treatment. Objective: The objective is to analyze the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic potential and chromatographic profile of the extracts of B. pubipetala. Materials and Methods: The investigation of the chromatographic profile was performed through high-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detector. Cell viability was determined by a quantitative colorimetric assay with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide. In the pharmacological tests, interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-10, and nitric oxide (NO) levels in cell culture supernatants were performed. Results: In the leaf were observed nine major compounds and in the stem five major compounds. The extracts of B. pubipetala demonstrated concentration-dependent behavior regarding cytotoxicity. The fraction in dichloromethane had inhibitory concentration of 50\% (IC50) = 67.39 μg/mL whereas the extract in ethyl acetate had IC50 = 103.37 μg/mL. The results showed that extracts significantly reduced the production of IL-6 and TNF-α by cells 3T3 cells, however increased the production of IL-10 and NO. Conclusion: The results of the tests indicate that the extracts of B. pubipetala evaluated have potential anti-inflammatory properties and may promote the regulation of inflammation levels.

}, keywords = {Banisteriopsis pubipetala, Interleukin-10, Interleukin-6, Malpighiaceae, Nitric oxide, Tumor necrosis factor-alpha.}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_71_19}, author = {Jeane Ferreira Leal de Freitas and Fl{\'a}via Dayrell Fran{\c c}a and M{\'\i}riam Martins Chaves and Elytania Veiga Menezes and Afr{\^a}nio Farias de Melo J{\'u}nior and Dario Alves de Oliveira and Clarice Avelar Almeida and Kamylla Santos Teixeira and Murilo Malveira Brand{\~a}o and Vanessa de Andrade Royo} }