@article {156, title = {Effect of Seasonal Variation on Euphadienol Content in Euphorbia antiquorum L. and Euphorbia tirucalli L. using High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Method}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {236-242}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {236}, abstract = {

Background: Ayurveda emphasizes that different parts of plants (both organized and unorganized) should be collected on a certain season to get their better yield and therapeutic value. In general, Kshira (latex) should be collected in Sharada rutu (autumn season). However, the latex of Snuhi has been stated to be collected at Shishiranta (end of winter). The latex of Snuhi has an important place in different therapeutic formulations. One of the important mentions is for the preparation of Ksharasutra, one of the widely used paramedical procedures in Ayurveda. Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of seasonal variation on the quantity of euphadienol content (one of the major active constituents) in latex sample of Euphorbia antiquorum L. (EA) and Euphorbia tirucalli L. (ET). Materials and Methods: The latex was collected individually during six different seasons in a calendar year from two species i.e. EA and ET. Then, after suitable sample preparation, it was subjected to high-performance thin-layer chromatography study using euphadienol as a standard biomarker and scanned at 210 nm. Results: The euphadienol content was found to be present in all the six seasons across the calendar year. The content was found maximum in Hemanta rutu and Sharada rutu samples in case of EA and ET, respectively. Conclusion: The study proves that changes of seasons do have a certain effect on the phytoconstituents in the plants.

}, keywords = {Euphadienol, Euphorbia antiquorum, Euphorbia tirucalli, High-performance thin-layer chromatography, Snuhi}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_1_20}, author = {Sudipta Roy and Rabinarayan Acharya and VJ Shukla and Anagha Ranade} } @article {197, title = {Pharmacognostic Evaluation of Aerial Parts of Euphorbia tirucalli}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {409-415}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {409}, abstract = {

Objectives: This study aimed to establish the pharmacognostic profile of aerial parts of Euphorbia tirucalli (ET) as per World Health Organization guidelines for ensuring the quality and identification of adulteration. Materials and Methods: Standardization parameters such as macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of the study plant were evaluated. Hydroalcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts were prepared and subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening. Further, the extracts were used to analyze total phenol and flavonoid contents, and their antioxidant activities were estimated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide assay. Results: Shape, size, color, odor, surface characteristics, and microscopic images exhibited useful diagnostic characteristics of aerial parts of plants. Total ash, water-soluble, and acid-insoluble ash were found to be 16.65{\textquoteright} {\textpm} 1.050{\textquoteright}, 5.623{\textquoteright} {\textpm} 1.11{\textquoteright}, and 2.56{\textquoteright} {\textpm} 0.706, respectively. The loss on drying was 9.6{\textquoteright}, and water and alcoholic extractive values were 4.0{\textquoteright} and 26{\textquoteright}, respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, steroidal triterpenoids, phenols, and flavonoids. Total flavanoid and phenol content in hydroalcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts of ET was found to be 246 mg rut/g, 120 mg rut/g, 81.36 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, and 279.58 mg GAE/g respectively. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and nitric oxide scavenging assay revealed the IC50 values of hydroalcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts as 69.599 μg/ml, 20.454 μg/ml, 17.017 μg/ml, and 17.562, respectively. Conclusion: The findings obtained from the present study help to authenticate and establish the pharmacopeia standards for the ET plant.

}, keywords = {2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, Ethyl acetate extracts, Euphorbia tirucalli, Flavonoid content, Hydroalcoholic, Nitric oxide assay, Phenol}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_59_20}, author = {B Swapna and R Harisha and Satvik Kotha and M Raghavendra Rao and S Ramachandra Setty} }