@article {1342, title = {High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Methods for Estimation of Chemical Markers in Stachytarpheta indica Vahl.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {January 2025}, pages = {94-99}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {94}, abstract = {

Background: Stachytarpheta indica Vahl. (Verbenaceae family), commonly known as Indian Snakeweed, is a valuable medicinal plant. A systematic phytochemical analysis of bioactives of this plant is lacking till date. Objectives: The present study is aimed to develop validated High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) methods for quantification of 6 marker compounds, β-sitosterol, lupeol, ursolic acid, apigenin, caffeic acid and verbascoside in S. indica plant. Materials and Methods: Normal phase chromatography was used to develop mobile phase systems that could aid in the identification and quantification of the phytochemicals in the entire plant. Several enhancements were made to the basic method of thin-layer chromatography to automate the different steps, to increase the resolution achieved and to allow more accurate quantitative measurement. The methods were validated as per the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Results: The linear regression analysis data for the calibration plots showed a good linear relationship (r2=0.9873-0.9979) in the concentration range of 1-5 μg for β-sitosterol, lupeol and ursolic acid; 0.5-5 μg for apigenin, 1-3 μg for caffeic acid; and 3-8 μg per spot for verbascoside with respect to area. The average recoveries for phytoconstituents were 98.32 to 98.97\%, indicating the good reproducibility. Verbascoside 1.3598{\textpm}0.014\% w/w was present at high concentration and ursolic acid 0.0027{\textpm}0.0007\% w/w was present at low concentration in the whole plant powder. Conclusion: The validated TLC-densitometric methods were simple, precise, accurate, specific and can be used for the routine quality control of raw materials of S. indica.

}, keywords = {Apigenin, Caffeic acid, High-performance thin-layer chromatography, Stachytarpheta indica, Ursolic acid, Verbascoside}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20251934}, author = {Vihangi Patel and Krupa Gadhvi and Karuna Modi and Mamta Shah} } @article {1248, title = {Mechanistic Insights of a Natural Bioactive Compound: Apigenin}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {435-448}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {435}, abstract = {

Apigenin, a natural bioactive compound belonging to the class of flavone, has emerged as a subject of intense scientific scrutiny due to its potential health benefits. This review provides mechanistic insights into the multifaceted actions of apigenin and its promising therapeutic applications. Widely distributed in various fruits, vegetables, and herbs, apigenin exhibits potent antioxidant properties, neutralizing free radicals and reactive oxygen species to combat oxidative stress and cellular damage. Its anti-inflammatory effects are attributed to the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators, suggesting potential in managing conditions like arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Notably, apigenin{\textquoteright}s ability to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis, and reduce metastasis underscores its potential in cancer chemoprevention. Furthermore, apigenin{\textquoteright}s role in DNA repair and genoprotection may contribute to cancer prevention and maintenance of genomic stability. In neurodegenerative conditions, apigenin{\textquoteright}s antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions show promise in protecting neurons and enhancing cognitive function. Additionally, its influence on cardiovascular health is evident through vasodilation, blood pressure reduction, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. While the current findings highlight the immense potential of apigenin in various health applications, further clinical research is necessary to establish its efficacy and safety in human therapeutics.

}, keywords = {Apigenin, Clinical research, Flavonoid, Health application, Mechanistic Insights, Natural bioactive}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.3.53}, author = {Tushar Adhikari and Prerona Saha} }