@article {1215, title = {Evaluation of the Effect of Five Colombian Propolis Extracts on the Expression of Genes Associated with Cell Cycle and Inflammation in a Canine Osteosarcoma Cell Line}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {172-182}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {172}, abstract = {

Introduction: Propolis has anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties, which is why it is suggested that it could be used as an alternative or complementary drug therapy in the treatment of various pathologies such as cancer, diseases chronic-degenerative and infectious. Materials and Methods: In this study, canine bone fibroblasts were used as control cells, and the canine Osteosarcoma cell line (OSCA-8) was acquired to evaluate the effects of ethanol extracts of propolis from five Colombian regions on these cells. The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by examining changes in cell viability and proliferation. Furthermore, the expression of some relevant and characteristic genes related to the tumor phenotype, related to the proinflammatory process and cell cycle, was assessed. Results: Thus, the evaluation of the relative expression of some genes associated with the cell cycle and inflammation could improve the understanding of the cytotoxic effect of propolis extracts on OSCA-8 cell lines. Conclusion: The first time in Colombia, the biological activity of ethanol extracts of propolis was evaluated regarding the inflammation and cell cycle pathways. After 48 hr, the Colombian EEP had an effect on the increase in both OSCA-8 cells and fibroblasts.

}, keywords = {Biological activity, Cell cycle, Gene expression, Inflammation, Osteosarcoma, Propolis.}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.1.22}, author = {Oscar Juli{\'a}n Murillo Torres and Dolly Patricia Pardo Mora and Orlando Torres Garc{\'\i}a and Mauricio Rey Buitrago} } @article {1124, title = {Unexploited Potentials of Endophytic Fungi: Patents Review on Endophytic Fungi Related to Secondary Bioactive Compounds}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {February 2023}, pages = {217-225}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {217}, abstract = {

Endophytic fungi are various micro-organisms that inhabit intracellular or intercellular plant tissues in symbiotic association [at certain stages of their life cycles], without causing damage or morphological changes. The endophytes from medicinal plants are important resources for discovery of natural products and secondary bioactive metabolites having the potential biotechnological applications in agriculture, medicine, and allied sectors. The endophytic fungi such as Acremonium, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Trichoderma, Penicillium, Phomopsis, Pestalotiopsis, Pseudomassari, Quercina, Trichoderma genera have been reported from different medicinal plants with potential therapeutic activity. On the other hand, the endophytic fungi can also confer profound impacts on their host plants like improvement in growth, activation of systemic tolerances towards abiotic/biotic stresses, enhancement of nutrient solublization, biosynthesis of phytohormones and stimulating accumulation of secondary metabolites. Endophytic fungi have attracted much research interest because they have provided not only novel sources of Cytotoxic compounds, Antimicrobial agents, Bio-stimulants for essential oil biosynthesis, Anticancer agents, antioxidant agents, anti-diabetic agents, immunosuppressant and insecticidal compounds. The present review reveals the importance of endophytic fungi from medicinal plants as a source of bioactive compounds as well as landscape of patents related to the production of secondary metabolites through endophytic fungi and their application in pharmaceutical sectors.

}, keywords = {Biological activity, Endophytic fungi, Patents, Phytohormones., Secondary metabolites, Symbiotic association}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.2.023}, author = {Priyatama V. Powar and Shilpa Chaudhari} } @article {62, title = {Phytochemical Screening and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Ethanol Extract of Scambiosa columbabria L.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {35-39}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {35}, abstract = {

Background: Scambiosa columbabria L. is commonly known as the wild scabious and is used in South Africa to treat various ailments such as wound bruises, painful menstruation, heartburn, and colic. Despite its extensive traditional usage, the bioactive constituents of this plant are yet to be explored. Objective: The present study was carried out to identify the bioactive constituents of the ethanol extract of S. columbabria by phytochemical screening and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Materials and Methods: Sixty grams of the powdered leaves was sequentially extracted by ethanol and later tested for preliminary phytochemical screening and further subjected to GC-MS analysis. Results: The results showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins in the extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 16 major compounds, with flavonoids (40.84\%) being the most represented chemical class. Conclusion: The findings indicated that the plant possesses compounds with biological activities and therefore justifies its traditional usage in the treatment of skin and other diseases.

}, keywords = {Biological activity, Diseases, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Phytochemical screening, Scambiosa columbabria}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_59_19}, author = {Idowu Jonas Sagbo and Ayuk Elizabeth Orock and Elizabeth Kola and Wilfred Otang-Mbeng} }