@article {1095, title = {Effect of Some Naturally Occurring Monoterpenes viz d-Limonene, p-Cymene and Terpinolene on the Glycemic and Hepatic Function in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {October 2022}, pages = {446-453}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {446}, abstract = {

Background: Diabetes mellitus is an increasingly serious health problem in society with type 2 diabetes the most common type of diabetes. Objectives: Our main aim was to test the efficacy of some naturally occurring pure monoterpenes viz d-limonene, p-cymene, terpinolene in modulating glycemic and hepatic function. Materials and Methods: Rats were given soybean oil (as source of fat) for 28 days once daily per os and a single dose of 35mg/ kg streptozotocin i.p. at the end for diabetes induction. Post diabetes detection, animals were treated with d-limonene 300mg/kg, p-cymene (150mg/kg and 200mg/kg), terpinolene (12.5mg/kg and 25 mg/kg) and standard anti-diabetic drug glibenclamide (5mg/kg) once daily orally for a period of another 28 days. At the end of the experimental period, blood glucose, serum levels of insulin, HbA1c, ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, total protein and albumin were determined. Liver was isolated for histopathology. Results: Biochemical profile revealed that d-limonene, p-cymene, and terpinolene significantly restored blood glucose, serum insulin, glycated hemoglobin, ALP, ALT, AST, GGT, albumin and total protein. However, d-limonene (300mg/kg) and terpinolene (25mg/kg) exhibited more pronounced activity than p-cymene (150mg/kg). Histopathology of diabetic group revealed binucleated cells, degeneration of parenchyma, clear cell foci, granular cytoplasm, prominent nucleoli and darkly stained nucleolus while d-limonene, p-cymene and terpinolene treated groups were successful in slowing down the progression of pathology associated with hepatic architecture. Conclusion: D-limonene, p-cymene and terpinolene have the potential to control parameters related to glycemia. Because of the fact that type 2 diabetics are at risk of several liver pathologies, d-limonene, p-cymene and terpinolene exhibited hepatoprotective activity also.

}, keywords = {Diabetes, Histopathology, Liver, Rats, Streptozotocin}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.4.65}, author = {Sheeba Shakeel and Nahida Tabassum} } @article {101, title = {Antimicrobial Activity and Histopathological Safety Evidence of Ochradenus baccatus Delile: A Medicinally Important Plant Growing in Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2021}, pages = {131-136}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {131}, abstract = {

Background: The growing climatic condition affects plant constituents and biological activities. Ochradenus baccatus (Taily Weed) from Resedaceae family is a perennial shrub that is widely used in folk medicine in the Middle East. Aim: From the viewpoint that O. baccatus is regularly used in folk medicine, this study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity and investigate the effect of O. baccatus on the biochemical and histopathological parameters of liver and kidney in experimental animals. Methods: The O. baccatus extracts were obtained by hot continuous extraction method. Agar diffusion and minimal inhibitory concentration assays were used for the antimicrobial activity. O. baccatus total extracts at doses of 100 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg were given to the first and second groups of rates, respectively, whereas the third and fourth groups received the vehicle olive oil and saline, respectively. The liver and kidney functions, as well as lipid profile and glucose levels, were measured by spectrophotometric technique on obtained blood samples. The liver and kidney tissues were evaluated for histopathological effect. Results: Ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts have similarly and potentially inhibited the bacterial micro-organisms, whereas Candida albicans was inhibited by n-hexane extract. O. baccatus total extract showed no significant effects on the kidney and liver functions (P \> 0.05). However, it significantly reduced triglyceride level (P = 0.04). The histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues revealed no significant differences compared to control animals. Conclusion: The medicinally important plant, O. baccatus, growing in Saudi Arabia showed no significant toxic effects on the livers and kidneys. Moreover, it demonstrated a potential antimicrobial activity besides a significant reduction in serum triglycerides in rats. These findings are in consistent with other reported results suggesting no environmental effects on the safety of this plant.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial activity, Histopathology, Kidney function, Lipid profile, Liver function, Ochradenus baccatus}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_103_19}, author = {Mohsen S. Al-Omar and Hussain M. Eldeeb and Mugahid A. Mobark and Hamdoon A. Mohammed} } @article {151, title = {Toxicological Study of the Effect in vivo and in vitro of Artemisia herba-alba Aqueous Extract in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {207-211}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {207}, abstract = {

Background: Artemisia herba-alba (AHA) is largely used in folk medicine in different countries. However, rare studies provided toxicological evaluation regarding their safety on human health. Objective: This study investigated the safety of the standardized aqueous extract of AHA, like used by patients, to evaluate their toxicity in vivo and in vitro. Materials and Methods: For toxicological evaluation in vivo we used acute (during 14 days) and sub-acute oral gavages in Wistar rats (rats treated daily for 42 days at 1{\textendash}5 g/kg bw) and the 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was performed to determine the level of cell viability and the degree of cytotoxicity in vitro (0{\textendash}30 μg/ml) on cultured spleen cells. Results: The LD50was up to 2 g/kg. Signs of mortality and toxicity were observed after single doses and no-observed-adverse-effect levels in the sub acute toxicity was up to 2 g/kg bw. Compared to the control, the treatment did not produce any statistically significant changes on alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase serum titer. However, for creatinine and urea serum value, a significant increase (P \< 0.05) was observed. The histological observations of liver and spleen tissues have shown well-preserved normal cells. Indeed for kidney tissues some artifacts of retraction and vascular congestion were noted for 3{\textendash}5 g/kg doses after sub-chronic treatment. The addition of plant extracts to the spleen cells did not show any sign of toxicity for all doses tested. Conclusion: We conclude that AHA aqueous extract at the dosage up to 2g/kg bw will be toxic and can affect mainly the kidney tissues.

}, keywords = {Artemisia herba-alba, Biochemical parameter, Histopathology, in vivo and in vitro toxicity, Standardized aqueous extract}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_4_20}, author = {Ali Lahna and Naima Benjelloun and Nadia Seddik and Mernissi Farida and Abdallah Naya and Mounia Oudghiri} } @article {167, title = {Antioxidant Potential of Ethanolic Extract of Canavalia Species in High-fat Diet and Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {November,2019}, pages = {400-405}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {400}, abstract = {

Background: The present study is to enlighten the antioxidant effect of ethanolic seed extracts of Canavalia species in high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD + STZ)-induced diabetic screening model. Objectives: The dispute between free radicals and antioxidants plays a key role in causing alteration of normal physiological conditions. Inadequate antioxidant in body leads to multiple pathological diseases. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic seed extracts of Canavalia species have been investigated for its antioxidant activity in HFD + STZ-induced screening models. The potential of antioxidants on oxidative stress is measured through certain serum biomarkers such as serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase. Enzymatic markers include lipid peroxidation, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). Enzymatic parameters were studied in liver and kidney homogenates by measuring these observed biomarkers. Results: SOD, GSH, and CAT were decreased in the diabetic group. However, restoration of SOD, GSH, and CAT levels by treatment with ethanolic seed extracts of Canavalia species was observed and tabulated. Histopathological studies of the pancreas of animals showed comparable regeneration of tissues with EECE. Conclusion: Further the characterization studies will be carried out to know the extract mechanism of antioxidant potential of Canavalia species.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant activity, Canavalia ensiformis, Canavalia gladiata, Glibenclamide, Histopathology, Streptozotocin.}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_46_19}, author = {Anitha Kuttiappan and Sabapathi Mohana Lakshmi and S.V. Satyanarayana} } @article {267, title = {Effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Seed Oil on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute and Chronic Hepatotoxicity in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {April 2018}, pages = {124-129}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {124}, abstract = {

Background: Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is one of the most widely used Hepatotoxin that is known to induce oxidative stress and causes hepatic damage by the formation of reactive free radicals in laboratory animals. Objective: This study aims to investigate the hepatoprotective role of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on histological structure, some biochemical parameters and lipid peroxidation on CCl4-induced acute and chronic liver injury induced rats. Materials and Methods: The study material comprised 80 male Wistar albino rats. They were divided into two study groups including 40 rats for acute and 40 rats for chronic hepatotoxicity induction by CCl4. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to evaluate degree of steatosis, inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis semiquantitatively. Blood serum aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activities and glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total protein, albumin and liver malondialdehyde, and nitric oxide levels were measured. Results: All control and only PSO given animals liver showed normal histological architecture, but in the acute CCl4-treated animals, an intensive macro and microvesicular steatosis, mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrations in portal area and parenchyma, and necrotic alterations; in the chronic CCl4-treated group, additionally to acute findings mild-to-severe fibrosis with lobulation formation were observed. Conclusion: The results suggest that administration of PSO has partially ameliorative effects on biochemical and lipid peroxidation parameters in acute period, but it has no effect on the recovery of liver tissue damage or histopathological changes and biochemical parameters induced by CCl4 in chronic period.

}, keywords = {Carbon tetrachloride, Hepatotoxicity, Histopathology, Pomegranate seed oil, Rat}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_122_17}, author = {Duygu Yaman Gram and Ayhan Atasever and Meryem Eren} } @article {277, title = {Short-term Effects of Date Palm Extract (Phoenix dactylifera) on Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Induced by Testicular Torsion/ Detorsion in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {69-73}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {69}, abstract = {

Background: Antioxidants are potent scavengers of free radicals and have beneficial effects on human health. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective antioxidant activity of the edible portion of date fruit extract in an experimental testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D) model in rats. Materials and Methods: To investigate the potential protective effects of date palm (DP), 30 male Spraque-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated, T/D, and T/D + DP-treated (500 mg/kg, PO) groups. Testicular ischemia was induced via keeping the left testis under 720{\textdegree} clockwise torsion for 2 h (h), afterward, detorsion was performed. All rats were sacrificed 4 h after detorsion. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, total oxidative status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and histopathological damage score were evaluated. Results: Serum MDA, TOS, and OSI levels rose significantly in the T/D group. These values were lower in the T/D + DP group. TAS values decreased significantly in T/D group and rose in T/D + DP group. Severe injury was seen in the twisted testes of T/D group. In contrast, ipsilateral-twisted testicular tissue in the DP-treated group showed moderate-to-mild changes. Contralateral testicular tissue in the T/D group had a mild-to-moderate tissue injury; meanwhile, treated group revealed normal-to-mild changes. Spermatogenesis was significantly improved in DP-treated group when compared with the T/D group. Conclusion: The findings suggest a possible protective effect of DP against testicular oxidative damage induced by T/D; however, more detailed studies are warranted.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant markers, Histopathology, Ischemia/reperfusion, Phoenix dactylifera, Testis}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.199769}, author = {Alireza Raayat Jahromi and Rokhsana Rasooli and Younes Kamali and Nasrollah Ahmadi and Ehsan Sattari} } @article {475, title = {Acute Sodium Arsenite-Induced Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Wistar Rats: Protective Effects of Ethanol Extract of Ageratum conyzoides}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {March 2016}, pages = {26-30}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {26}, abstract = {

Background: Ageratum conyzoides L. (Asteraceae) is an annual herbaceous plant used in folklore medicine for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Objective: To investigate the protective effect of the ethanol leaf extract of A. conyzoides (EEAC) against hematological, serum biochemical and histological alterations induced by Sodium arsenite administration to Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups of five rats each. Group I received propylene glycol and Group II rats were given the (EEAC, 100 mg/kg b.w.) orally for 7 days. Group III were given a single oral dose of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2, 2.5 mg/kg b.w.). Animals in Group IV were pretreated with 100 mg/kg EEAC for 7 days followed by a single oral dose of sodium arsenite. Results: Arsenic exposure resulted in significant reductions (P \< 0.05) in values of packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb) and red blood cell (RBC) count, and elevation in total white blood cell (WBC) count with insignificant reductions in serum total protein, albumin, and globulin levels. Alterations in aspartate aminotransferase, alanine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and gamma glutamyl transferase activities, as well as in serum levels of urea, creatinine, glucose, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels, were not statistically significant. EEAC significantly restored (P \< 0.05) the PCV, Hb, RBC, and WBC as well as serum albumin, globulin, and total protein to normal values. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that EEAC possess strong potentials to protect against toxicities induced by sodium arsenite.

}, keywords = {Ageratum conyzoides, Hematology, Histopathology, Liver, Serum Biochemistry, Sodium arsenite}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.178645}, author = {Olufunke Eunice Ola-Davies and Akinleye Stephen Akinrinde} } @article {637, title = {Anti-arthritic Activity of Root Bark of Oroxylum Indicum (L.) Vent Against Adjuvant-induced Arthritis}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {April 2013}, pages = {121-128}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {121}, abstract = {

Background:Oroxylum indicum\ (Bignoniaceae) also known as Sonapatha is an indigenous medicinal plant widely used in Ayurvedic medicine for over thousands of years. It is an active ingredient of well-known Ayurvedic formulations such as Chyawanprash and Dasamula. Root bark of this plant has tonic and astringent properties and it is also used in rheumatism.\ Objective:\ The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of different extracts of root bark of\ Oroxylum indicum\ against adjuvant - induced arthritis in rats.\ Materials and Methods:\ Male Wistar rats were used in this study. Arthritis was induced by injecting 0.1 ml Freund{\textquoteright}s complete adjuvant intra-dermally into the left hind paw of the rats. The paw volume, hematological, biochemical, radiographic and histopathological aspects were evaluated.\ Results:\ The relative percentage inhibition potential of paw volume in rats treated with various extracts of\ Oroxylum indicum\ was found to be ethyl acetate extract (67.69\%) \>chloroform extract (64.61\%) \>n-butanol extract (58.46\%) respectively. The hematological parameters like RBC count, hemoglobin content showed significant increase while there was a significant decrease in total WBC count and ESR in all the groups of animals pretreated with root bark extracts. The biochemical parameters such as catalase, glutathione contents showed a significant increase while the lipid peroxide and Cathepsin-D content decreased significantly only in case of ethyl acetate pretreated rats when compared to others.\ Conclusion:\ The present study suggests that the chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol extracts of root bark of\ Oroxylum indicum\ exhibit anti-arthritic activity. The order of activity of extracts was found to be ethyl acetate \>chloroform \>n-butanol respectively.

}, keywords = {Anti-arthritic Activity, Biochemical parameters, Freund's Complete Adjuvant, Histopathology, Oroxylum indicum}, doi = { 10.4103/0974-8490.110543}, author = {Mamatha Karnati and Rodda H Chandra and Ciddi Veeresham and Bookya Kishan} } @article {938, title = {Amelioration of nitrobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity by the ethanol extract of the herb Euphorbia hirta}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {3}, year = {2011}, month = {September 2011}, pages = {201-207}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {201}, abstract = {

Background: Euphorbia hirta (L.) (Euphorbiaceae) is a very popular herb amongst practitioners of traditional medicine and used in the treatment of female disorders, respiratory ailments, tumors, jaundice, digestive problems, wounds, etc. We aimed to evaluate the protective effect of E. hirta against nitrobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity in albino rats. Materials and Methods: The nephroprotective activity of the ethanol extract of E. hirta (400 mg/kg body weight) was studied in nitrobenzene-induced albino rats (1000 mg/kg body weight). The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), total thiols and vitamin C in the kidney tissues were determined. Histopathologic investigation was performed in the kidney tissue samples. Results: Nitrobenzene administration significantly (P \< 0.01) enhanced the lipid peroxidation and significantly (P \< 0.05) depleted the levels of SOD, CAT, GPx, GST, GSH, total thiols and vitamin C. Treatment with the ethanol extract of E. hirta significantly normalized the antioxidant levels. The nephroprotective activity was also supported by histopathologic studies of kidney tissue. Conclusion: The results indicate that the ethanol extract of E. hirta ameliorates renal dysfunction and could be used as an effective protector against nitrobenzene-induced nephrotoxicity, primarily through its antioxidant capacity.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Euphorbia hirta, Histopathology, Nephrotoxicity, nitrobenzene}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.85009}, author = {Subramanian Suganya and Dominic Sophia and Chinthamony Arul Raj and Muthaiyan Ahalliya Rathi and Lakshmanan Thirumoorthi and Periyasamy Meenakshi and Dugganaboyana Guru Kumar and Velliyur Kanniyapan Gopalakrishnan} } @article {897, title = {1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Radical and Superoxide Anion Scavenging Activity of Rhizophora mangle (L.) bark}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {November 2010}, pages = {279-284}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {273}, abstract = {

Background: In recent times, many herbal remedies are used to treat variety of ailments. The leaves of Vitex grandifolia is claimed to be effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and as a diuretic in the treatment of high blood pressure. However, there are no scientific reports on the therapeutic benefits or toxicity of this plant. This study therefore investigated the effect of prolonged administration of the aqueous extract of the leaves of this plant in Sprague{\textendash}Dawley rats. Methods: The plant leaves (No. FHI 107055) were dried at 40 oC, powdered and extracted at room temperature in water (pH 5.72) by percolation. Extract was dried in vacuo to give a yield of 27.32 \%w/v. The extract, 0.5{\textendash}2 g/kg b. wt. was administered by gastric probe to rats for 14 days. The liver and kidney functions, blood chemistry, histopathologic alterations of vital organs and extract effect on rats b. wt. were investigated. Results: V. grandifolia caused significant increase in the serum electrolytes, creatinine, and liver function enzyme dose dependently compared with the control (P <= 0.001). The extract had no effect on the heart; however, the architecture of the liver, kidney, and lungs were significantly altered in the treated groups compared with the control. The treated rats had significantly reduced body weight compared with the control (P <= 0.001). Major clinical signs observed in the treated groups were polydipsia, polyuria, puffiness of hair, and calmness, which were consistent with increase in dose of the extract. Conclusion: It could be clearly concluded that prolonged administration of the aqueous leaf extract of V. grandifolia at the dose used in this study tends to be toxic to the rats. Its use in folkloric medicine should be with utmost care.

}, keywords = {Edema, Histopathology, Liver function test, Portal infi ltration, Toxicity, Vitex grandifolia}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.72322}, author = {Janet Calero S{\'a}nchez and Roberto Faure Garc{\'\i}a and Ma. Teresa Mitjavila Cors} } @article {888, title = {Biochemical and Histologic Changes in Rats after Prolonged Administration of the Crude Aqueous Extract of the Leaves of Vitex grandifolia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {November 2010}, pages = {273-278}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {273}, abstract = {

Background: In recent times, many herbal remedies are used to treat variety of ailments. The leaves of Vitex grandifolia is claimed to be effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and as a diuretic in the treatment of high blood pressure. However, there are no scientific reports on the therapeutic benefits or toxicity of this plant. This study therefore investigated the effect of prolonged administration of the aqueous extract of the leaves of this plant in Sprague-Dawley rats. Methods: The plant leaves (No. FHI 107055) were dried at 40 o C, powdered and extracted at room temperature in water (pH 5.72) by percolation. Extract was dried in vacuo to give a yield of 27.32 \%w/v. The extract, 0.5-2 g/kg b. wt. was administered by gastric probe to rats for 14 days. The liver and kidney functions, blood chemistry, histopathologic alterations of vital organs and extract effect on rats b. wt. were investigated. Results: V. grandifolia caused significant increase in the serum electrolytes, creatinine, and liver function enzyme dose dependently compared with the control (P <= 0.001). The extract had no effect on the heart; however, the architecture of the liver, kidney, and lungs were significantly altered in the treated groups compared with the control. The treated rats had significantly reduced body weight compared with the control (P <= 0.001). Major clinical signs observed in the treated groups were polydipsia, polyuria, puffiness of hair, and calmness, which were consistent with increase in dose of the extract. Conclusion: It could be clearly concluded that prolonged administration of the aqueous leaf extract of V. grandifolia at the dose used in this study tends to be toxic to the rats. Its use in folkloric medicine should be with utmost care.

}, keywords = {Edema, Histopathology, Liver function test, Portal infi ltration, Toxicity, Vitex grandifolia}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.72322}, author = {Mbang A Owolabi and Moyosola M Abass and Promise M Emeka and Smith I Jaja and Martin Nnoli and Benjamin O.S Dosa} } @article {816, title = {Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Cassia occidentalis Linn. for The Management of Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {July 2010}, pages = {132-137}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {132}, abstract = {

Aim: As per traditional claims, root, bark, leaf and flower of the plant Cassia occidentalis Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae) have been reported to possess antidiabetic activity. Based on this traditional indication, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antidiabetic activity of ethanolic extract of C. occidentalis in normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: Ethanolic extract of the whole plant of C. occidentalis was orally tested at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg for evaluating the hypoglycemic effect in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. In addition, changes in body weight, serum cholesterol, triglyceride and total protein levels, assessed in the ethanol extract treated diabetic rats were compared with diabetic control and normal animals. Histopathologic observations during 21 days of treatment were also evaluated. Results: Ethanolic extract of C. occidentalis produced a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose levels in the normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight. Treatment with ethanolic extract of C. occidentalis in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats led to a dose-dependent fall in blood sugar levels. Significant differences were observed in serum lipid profiles (cholesterol and triglyceride), serum protein and changes in body weight in ethanolic extract treated diabetic animals, when compared with the diabetic control and normal animals. Concurrent histopathologic studies of the pancreas of these animals showed comparable regeneration by ethanolic extract, which were earlier necrosed by alloxan. Conclusion: Ethanolic extract of C. occidentalis exhibited significant antidiabetic activity in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The rats also showed improvement in parameters like body weight and lipid profiles and also, histopathologic studies showed regeneration of β-cells of pancreas and so it might be of value in the treatment of diabetes.

}, keywords = {Alloxan, Antidiabetic activity, Cassia occidentalis, Histopathology}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.65506}, author = {Laxmi Verma and PK Singour and PK Chaurasiya and H Rajak and RS Pawar and UK Patil} }