@article {1118, title = {FTIR Based Metabolomics Profiling and Fingerprinting of Some Medicinal Plants: An Attempt to Develop an Approach for Quality Control and Standardization of Herbal Materials}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {163-167}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {163}, abstract = {

Background: The medicinal plants are used for their various therapeutic effects in treatment and prevention of various diseases. Recently herbal medicines are playing an important role in health care across the world. With increased global acceptance of the herbal drugs proper quality control of the herbal medicines have become important to ensure the safety and efficacy of the herbal products. Herbal-based FT-IR metabolomics is a suitable method for quick and reliable quality control and metabolite profiling to ensure quality and reproducibility of herbal medicine. The FT-IR analysis is relatively easy to use, reproducible, non-destructive, and can be used for quick analysis and verification of the herbal medicines. Materials and Methods: In the present work FTIR fingerprint was obtained for extracts and powders of some of the selected medicinal plants. The samples were characterized by using FTIR metabolomics profiling on basis of the diagonostic peaks. Results: Various functional groups, such as phenolics (-OH), carbonyl (C=O), aldehyde (CH=O), ether (C-O-C), aromatic (C=C), and alkyl groups -CH, were identified. Various metabolites e.g. liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, glabridin, shogoal, piperine were successfully identified on basis of the diagonostic FTIR peaks. Conclusion: FTIR was found to be a simple, rapid and convenient analytical method and fingerprinting technique for quality control of herbal materials.

}, keywords = {Fingerprinting, FTIR, Medicinal plants, Metabolomics, Quality control, Secondary metabolites}, doi = {10.5530/097484900288}, author = {Manas Ranjan Sahoo and Marakanam Srinivasan Umashankara} } @article {1188, title = {Phytochemical Screening, in vitro Anti-bacterial, and Antioxidant Efficacy of Solanum virginianum L. Aerial Vegetative Parts Extracted in Four Solvents}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {796-805}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {796}, abstract = {

Background: Solanum virginianum is a key component of Ayurveda{\textquoteright}s "Dasmul Asava," used to treat inflammation, respiratory, and gastric problems. Being a repository of countless bioactive compounds, the plant is well known for its traditional medicinal value. Modern pharmacological properties like anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, and anti-inflammatory have also claimed its traditional uses. Objectives: The current research was designed to perform a comparative assessment of in vitro anti-bacterial, and antioxidant potential as well as the phytoconstituents make up of plant extracts prepared in four solvents. Materials and Methods: Freshly prepared plant extracts were subjected to standard qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening protocols to identify significant phytocompounds. Different functional groups and chemical entities in plant extracts, were identified using FTIR spectroscopy. Anti-bacterial potential was assessed using disc diffusion and micro broth dilution assay. DPPH decolorization assay was adopted to determine free radical scavenging potential of plant extracts. Results: Methanolic plant extract exhibited highest number of total phenols and flavonoids. Plant extracts were also found to be effective against some ampicillin-resistant bacterial strains. Methanolic extract showed highest DPPH scavenging ability comparable to ascorbic acid. Conclusion: Although all plant extracts were endowed with good antioxidant and anti-bacterial activity but methanolic extract was found to be more potent free radical scavenger and anti-bacterial agent as it possessed appreciable levels of phenols and flavonoids. The current research could facilitate researchers to identify and isolate new bioactive compounds of medicinal importance and their predicted mode of action against various biological activities.

}, keywords = {Anti-bacterial, Antioxidant, FTIR, Phytochemical, Solanum virginianum}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.4.084}, author = {Preety Rohilla and Ashmita Chhikara and Pushpa Dahiya} } @article {767, title = {Proximate and Qualitative Analysis of Different parts of Piper sarmentosum, and Quantification of Total Amides in Various Extracts}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {January 2010 }, pages = {113-119}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {113}, abstract = {

Present study aimed to analyze crude powders and extracts of different parts of Piper sarmentosum for proximate, qualitative and quantitative studies to prepare standardized botanical drugs from the plant. Unlike synthetic drugs, standardization of botanical drugs is always challenging for natural product researchers due to inadequacy and unavailability of standards and methods. Standardization of botanical drugs is not just an analytical process which ends with the detection of few constituents rather it embodies a set of analytical, biochemical and biological protocols. Keeping analytical protocols in view, crude powders were analyzed for the content of moisture, total ash, acid insoluble ash, sulphated ash and soluble extractives in water and methanol. These physicochemical properties were found within specified limits. Comparison of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) fingerprints of crude powders of different parts indicated the difference of constituents. Similarly, comparison of ultra violet (UV) profiles of extracts of all the parts exhibited discrimination. Qualitative analysis of aqueous and ethanol extracts by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) indicated the presence of amides in ethanol extracts of all parts of the plant. Quantitative analysis of extracts indicated that total amide content was significantly higher by colorimetry as compared to UV spectrophotometry. The distribution of amides in different parts was in the order fruit \> root \> leaf \> stem (P=0.000). It is concluded from the study that amide content varies in different parts of the plant and ethanol is a better solvent for their extraction. Additionally, colorimetric method exhibits high content of amides.

}, keywords = {FTIR, HPTLC, Piper sarmentosum, Piperaceae, Standardization}, doi = {Nil}, author = {K. Hussain and Z. Ismail and A. Sadikun and P. Ibrahim} }