@article {1438, title = {Phytoflavonoids-A Future Perspective for the Therapeutic Potential of Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Disease}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {June 2025}, pages = {788-795}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {788}, abstract = {

Millions of people suffer from the neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Disease (AD) worldwide. Due to their complex pathology, no effective pharmacological treatment has been found to date, despite extensive research. Developing new, effective therapeutic agents to cure these disease remains a major challenge. Although the cause of AD remains apparent, numerous studies indicates that oxidative stress and neuro-inflammation lead to neurodegeneration in the central nervous system and play vital role in AD morbidity and progression. Flavonoids, which are found widely in nature, exhibit anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutative, anti-microbial, and neuroprotective properties, so have potential to treat these two kinds of disease. In this review, we focus on the anti-oxidative and neuroprotective action of flavonoids in attenuating Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, and how they might be harnessed in the development of new pharmacological agents to treat these diseases. Some Flavonoids compounds Quercetin, Rutin, hesperidin, Naringinin, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, displayed to be effective in AD. Considerable studies have demonstrated the anti-AD effects of flavonoids through various in vitro and in vivo models. However, more rigorous studies are needed to be done for flavonoids to develop into effective drugs and apply them to clinical practice.

}, keywords = {Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, Flavonoids, Neuroprotective, Quercetin, Rutin}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252213}, author = {Karthigadevi Kamalakannan and Shanmuganathan Seetharaman and Anbazhagan Sockalingam and K Reeta VijayaRani and Kavimani Subramanian} } @article {97, title = {Neuroprotective and Antioxidant Activities of Fraction Isolated from Methanolic Extract of Sapindus laurifolia on Scopolamine Induced Dementia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {May 2020}, pages = {119-126}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {119}, abstract = {

Background: Phytotherapy is considered a complementary approach for preventing and treating many diseases. Plants are rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites of a wide variety such as saponins, tannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, and flavonoids. Sapindus laurifolia (fam: Sapindaceae), well known as soapnuts, are used medicinally as an expectorant, emetic, contraceptive, and for treatment of excessive salivation, epilepsy, chlorosis, and migraines. Objective: To isolation of fractions, estimation of total flavonoid content, in vitro antioxidant and in vivo neuroprotective activity of S. laurifolia fruit kernel. Materials and Methods: In this study, in vitro antioxidant activity is estimated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay method. Neuroprotective activity is estimated by scopolamine-induced dementia method. In neuroprotective method, behavioral parameters were checked by escape latency (EL) time (s) by using the Morris water maze, active avoidance testing using elevated plus maze, and neurochemicals such as glutathione, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Cholinesterase were estimated. Results: In scopolamine-induced dementia, increased EL time, active avoidance and neurochemicals such as glutathione, CAT, SOD and cholinesterase decreased. Whereas standard and Fraction S-treated animals decreased in EL time, active avoidance and increased locomotor activity, neurochemicals such as glutathione, CAT, SOD, and cholinesterase also increased. Conclusion: The present study clearly demonstrates that methanolic extract of S. laurifolia Fraction A (50 and 100 mg/kg) kernel significantly attenuate scopolamine-induced dementia by improving the learning, memory, antioxidant potentiality, and anti-acetyl cholinesterase activity. Therefore, this Fraction A can be a potential novel therapeutic strategy for controlling neurodegenerative dementia especially Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease. Yet, advance studies are needed to characterize the active compound(s) and expose the possible mechanism of action.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Dementia, Isolation, Neuroprotective, Sapindus}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_50_19}, author = {Nagaraju Bandaru and A Ramu and S Vidhyadhara} }