@article {627, title = {Regeneration of Multiple Shoots from Petiole Callus of Viola Serpens Wall}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {April 2013}, pages = { 86-92}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {86}, abstract = {

Experiments were conducted to develop methodology for\ in vitro\ propagation and rapid multiplication of\ Viola serpens\ Wall. using petiole explant. The MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D (6.78 μm) was found most suitable for callus induction in petiole explant. The best growth response and higher rate of shoot regeneration from petiole callus was observed on MS medium containing BAP (11.10 μm) as the average number of shoots could be increased to 36.4 on fourth successive subculturing. Higher rooting response with larger number of roots were observed in shoots inoculated on the half-strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (19.68 μm).

}, keywords = {Callus, Growth Regulators, Multiple Shoots, Petiole, Viola Serpens}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.110533}, author = {Umashankar Radheshyam Vishwakarma and Arun Manohar Gurav and Prakash Chandra Sharma} } @article {909, title = {Production of Camptothecin in Cultures of Chonemorpha grandiflora}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {2}, year = {2010}, month = {November 2010}, pages = {296-299}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {296}, abstract = {

Background: Chonemorpha grandiflora (Syn. Chonemorpha fragrans (Apocynaceae) is an endangered medicinal plant. It is used in different preparations, such as sudarsanasavam and kumaryasavam used in Kerala Ayurvedic system. C. grandiflora is used for the treatment of fever and stomach disorders. Phytochemical investigations have revealed the presence of steroidal alkaloids, such as chonemorphine and funtumafrine in C. grandiflora. Camptothecin, a well-known anticancer alkaloid has been detected in ethanolic extracts of stem with bark and callus cultures derived from C. grandiflora. Methods: Callus cultures of C. grandiflora were raised on Murashige and Skoog{\textquoteright}s medium supplemented with 2, 4-D. Stem with bark and callus were used for phytochemical analysis mainly the alkaloids. Detection and identification of camptothecin was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC), high-performance thin-layer chromatography, (HPTLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: An important anticancer alkaloid, camptothecin was detected in ethanolic extracts of stem with bark and callus cultures of C. grandiflora. camptothecin content was 0.013 mg/g in stem with bark and 0.003 mg/g in callus. Conclusion : This is the first report on in vivo and in vitro production of camptothecin in C. grandiflora. Camptothecin is known to occur only in six plant sources so, alternative sources for camptothecin are needed. Thus of C. grandiflora could be a new promising alternative source of camptothecin.

}, keywords = {Apocynaceae, Callus, Camptothecin, Chonemorpha grandiflora}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.72327}, author = {AV Kulkarni and AA Patwardhan and U Lele and NP Malpathak} }