@article {1501, title = {Network Pharmacology Approach to Determine the Molecular Mechanism of Chitraka (Plumbago zeylanica L.) in the Treatment of Obesity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {September 2025}, pages = {1274-1280}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1274}, abstract = {

Background: The state of excessive bodily fat buildup is known as obesity (Sthoulya). Anti-obesity drugs in the market might cause adverse effects, for safer and more effective anti-obesity medications from plant-based sources becomes a top focus. In Ayurveda, Chitraka moola (Plumbago zeylanica L.) is a commonly used herb, because of its therapeutic effect. Network pharmacology is an area of drug discovery and development research by creating an opportunity for the methodical study of conventional treatments. This study highlights key phytochemicals, targets and signalling pathways of Chitraka for the treatment of obesity. Materials and Methods: This study assessed through biological databases, GeneCard, HPA databases, PPI Network Construction, KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, target-Compound-Pathway{\textquoteright} Network Construction and Molecular Docking Analysis. Results: Using the BindingDB and Uniprot databases, pinpointed 155 target genes with respect to these 28 active phytochemicals, Curated gene-disease data were extracted from the GeneCard and HPA databases based on the term obesity it was found that 26 out of the 28 drugs target exactly 137 disease targets linked to obesity, Using the String database, a PPI network was built. KEGG functional enrichment analysis to investigate the signalling pathways was carried out using SHINYGO database, Cytoscape was used to build the interaction relationship between 15 significantly enriched KEGG pathways, 137 intersecting targets and 26 core active ingredients, Molecular Docking visualises the binding pose with the highest docking score. Conclusion: This study emphasizes crucial mechanism, target and bioactive of Chitraka against obesity, indicating a strong pharmacological foundation for additional clinical research.

}, keywords = {Chitraka moola, Lupeol, Network pharmacology, Obesity, Plambago zeylanica, Sthoulya, β-sitosterol}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252331}, author = {Prabhakar Basappa Hegade and Praveen Nagappa Bhirdi and Ajit Lingayat} } @article {471, title = {Structural elucidation of chemical constituents from Benincasa hispida seeds and Carissa congesta roots by gas chromatography: Mass spectroscopy}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {June,2015}, pages = {282-293}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {282}, abstract = {

Background: Benincasa hispida (BH) and Carissa congesta (CC) are regarded as ethnopharmacological imperative plants in Asian countries. Objectives: Phytochemical screening of the extracts has shown the presence of steroids, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, tannins, phenolic compounds, fixed oils, and fats in the BH and CC extracts. The presence of lupeol has been reported previously by us using high-performance thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. Materials and Methods: Present research studies encompasses identification of chemical constituents in BH seeds and CC roots petroleum ether extracts by hyphenated technique such as gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (MS) which when coupled gives a clear insight of constituents. Results: The components were identified by matching mass spectra with MS libraries. There were 13 and 10 different compounds analyzed from CC and BH, respectively. The components present were Pentanoic acid, 5-hydroxy, 2,4-butylphenyl; n-Hexadecanoic acid (Palmitic acid); Sulfurous acid, 2-ethylhexylhepatdecyl ester; n-Tridecane; 6-methyltridecane; (9E, 12E)-9,12-Octadecadienyl chloride, Hexadecanoic acid, 3-(trimethylsilyl)-oxy] propyl ester; 9,12-Octadecadenoic acid, 2 hydroxy-1-(hyroxymethylethyl) ester; 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 2,3 dihydroxypropyl ester; n-Propyl-9,12-Octadecadienoate, Lupeol; Taraxasterol; 6a, 14a-Methanopicene, perhydro-12,4a, 61a, 9,9,12a-hepatmethyl-10-hydoxy and 9-Octadecene; 2-Isoprpenyl-5-methyl-6-hepten-1-ol; n-Hexadecanoic acid, 2-hyroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl) ethyl ether; Butyl-9,12-Octadecadieonate; Friedoolean-8-en-3-one; friedours-7-en-3-one; 13,27-Cyclosuran-3-one; Stigmaste-7,25-dien-3-ol (3β, 5α); Stigmasta-7,16-dien-3-ol; chrondrillasterol in BH seeds and CC roots extracts respectively. Conclusion: Eluted components from the extracts could provide further researchers to work with various pharmacological activities related models and studies.

}, keywords = {25-dien-3-ol., Apocynaceae, Benincasa hispida, Carissa congesta, Chrondrillasterol, Cururbitaceae, Gas chromatography, Lupeol, Mass spectroscopy, Stigmaste-7}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.157179}, author = {Gaurav M. Doshi and Vivek V. Nalawade1 and Aaditi S. Mukadam and Pratip K. Chaskar and Sandeep P. Zine and Rakesh R. Somani and Hemant D. Une} }