@article {386, title = {Cytotoxic Activity of ten Aagae from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea on Human Beast Cancer cell lines; MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and T-47D}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {June 2015}, pages = {133-137}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {133}, abstract = {

Background:\ Seaweeds have proven to be a promising natural source of bioactive metabolites for drug development.\ Objective:\ This study aimed to monitor the ethanol extract of ten algae from the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea, for their\ in vitro\ cytotoxic activity on three human breast cancer cell lines.\ MaterialsandMethods:\ Three human breast cancer cell lines including MDA-MB-231(ER-\ ), MCF-7(ER\ +\ ), and T-47D (ER\ +\ ) were treated by different concentrations of total ethanol (90\%) algae extracts and the cytotoxic effects were evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Doxorubicin (Ebewe, Austria) was used as a positive control. After 72 h of incubation, the cytotoxic effect of the algae was calculated and presented as 50\%-inhibitory concentration (IC50\ ).\ Results:\ The results indicated\ Gracilariafoliifera\ and\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. to be the most active algae in terms of cytotoxic effects on the investigated cancer cell lines. The IC\ 50\ values against MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and T-47D cells were, respectively, 74.89 ΁ 21.71, 207.81 ΁ 12.07, and 203.25 ΁ 30.98 mg/ml for\ G.foliifera\ and 66.48 ΁ 4.96, 150.86 ΁ 51.56 and \>400 mg/ml for\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. The rest of the algal extracts were observed not to have significant cytotoxic effects in the concentration range from 6.25 mg/ml to 400 mg/ml.\ Conclusion:\ Our data conclusively suggest that\ G.foliifera\ and\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. may be good candidates for further fractionation to obtain novel anticancer substances. Moreover, stronger cytotoxic effects on estrogen negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231(ER-\ )) in comparison to estrogen positive cells (MCF-7 and T-47D) suggest that the extract of\ G.foliifera\ and\ Cladophoropsis\ sp. may have an estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor-independent mechanism for their cellular growth inhibition.

}, keywords = {3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, Algae, cytotoxicity, Oman Sea, Persian Gulf}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.150539 }, author = {Nasrollah Erfani and Zahra Nazemosadat and Mahmoodreza Moein} } @article {757, title = {The Influence of Pharmaceutical Vermipreparations on the Test-Reaction of Organisms of the Different Levels of the Organization}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {May,2014}, pages = {195-198}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {195}, abstract = {

The efficiency of vermipreparations has been investigated with the help of the test-reactions on various invertebrate organisms, plants and microorganisms. The principal possibility of the use of biotest on the basis of yeast, fungi, algae, water and ground-based plants, sponges, protozoan, small crustaceans, oligochaetes for an estimation of biological activity of vermipreparations and in further and for definition of quality, selection of dose of medicinal complex preparations is shown.

}, keywords = {Algae, Earthworms, fungi, Oligochaetes, Plants, Protozoan, Small crustaceans, Sponge, Test-reaction, Vermipreparations, Yeast}, doi = { 10.4103/0974-8490.132594}, author = {Daevard I. Stom and Viktor Alexandrovich Bybin and Alla E. Balayan and Michael N. Saksonov and Valentina P. Salovarova} }