@article {1404, title = {Advancements in Quantitative and Qualitative Methods for Quality Control of Herbal Drugs: A Comprehensive Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {411-415}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {411}, abstract = {

The quality control of herbal drugs is a critical aspect of ensuring their safety, efficacy and reliability. The complex composition of herbal products, influenced by environmental, genetic and processing factors, necessitates robust analytical approaches. This review highlights recent advancements (2020-2024) in quantitative and qualitative methods for herbal drug quality control. Quantitative methods, such as HPLC, GC, and NMR spectroscopy, focus on the precise measurement of bioactive compounds, ensuring batch-to-batch consistency. Complementary to these are qualitative methods, including DNA barcoding, TLC and phytochemical screening, which authenticate botanical sources and detect adulterants. The integration of these methodologies provides a comprehensive framework for quality assessment, addressing both compositional consistency and authenticity. Despite advancements, challenges such as variability in raw materials and the lack of universal standards persist. This review underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to overcome these challenges and standardize quality control practices globally. By leveraging recent technological innovations, the pharmaceutical industry and regulatory bodies can ensure the safety and efficacy of herbal medicines, fostering consumer confidence and adherence to regulatory requirements.

}, keywords = {Bioactive compounds, Chromatographic techniques, DNA Barcoding, Herbal, Plants, Qualitative, Quality control, Quantitative, Regulatory Standards, Spectrometry}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252077}, author = {Seema Devi} } @article {1319, title = {Evolution and Confirmation of UV Spectrophotometric Approach for Simultaneously Estimating Allicin and Azadirachta indica Extracts in Niosomal Formulation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {October 2024}, pages = {923-928}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {923}, abstract = {

Background: Generally, it is quite difficult to precisely tell the exact amount of drug in any formulation after formulating it using the active ingredient and other excipients. Aim: Based on the simultaneous equation method in niosome formulation, a straightforward, quick, accurate, error-free and cost-effective spectrophotometric approach for the simultaneous quantification of Allicin and Azadirachta indica has been devised. Materials and Methods: The method involved estimation using two wavelengths. Since the absorbance of Allicin and Azadirachta indica reaches its maximum at 273 and 257 nm, respectively, these wavelengths were used to measure the absorbance and to estimate their relative concentrations. Allicin and Azadirachta indica both follow Beer-Lambert{\textquoteright}s rule at concentrations between 10 and 50 μg/mL. Results: The strategy can be applied for the regular estimation of Allicin and Azadirachta indica niosome formulation using the simultaneous equations as the concentration in the formulation and recovery were quite good (\>95\%) and reliable. It was designed and verified in accordance with ICH criteria. Methanol was used as a solvent for the process. Conclusion: The method proved to be useful, simple and precise for quantifying the extracts.

}, keywords = {Absorbance, Extract, Herbal, Precision, Wavelengths}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.4.105}, author = {Shilpa Pravin Chaudhari and Abhishek Sunil Nemmaniwar and Sarika Ankushrao Nikam} } @article {1169, title = {A Short Consized Note of Current Trends and Future Prospects on Herbal Medicine}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {615-622}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {615}, abstract = {

Now a days the usage of allopathic medicine is in large-scale, however the phenomenal development in advanced science and technology came up with new therapies for various disease remedies furthermore the practice is happening and even then, we couldn{\textquoteright}t improve or to provide better healthcare system. Among the available traditional system of medicine, herbal medicine is considered as one of the rapidly growing healthcare systems around the globe particularly in rural and remote areas. Majorly available Indian traditional systems such as Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy had a long-lasted history for their effectiveness in the treatment of various diseases. Herbal medicines often provide guidelines in large for the formulation of herbal product in the treatment and control of ailments. As a result, there may be a chance to increase in analysis about the safety, standardization, efficacy, quality, adverse drug reactions, drug interactions, stability testing and preservation of herbal products. The current review focused on the importance of traditional herbal medicine in treating various diseases.

}, keywords = {Disease, Health care, Herbal, Nature, Traditional}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.4.065}, author = {Heera Battu and Nimmathota Madhavi} } @article {405, title = {Evaluation of anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of AHPL/AYCAP/0413 capsule}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {July 2017}, pages = {273-276}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {273}, abstract = {

Background: Conventional therapeutic agents used for treatment of Acne are associated with various adverse effects necessitating development of safe and effective alternative therapeutic agents. In this context, a polyherbal formulation AHPL/AYCAP/0413 was developed for treatment of Acne. Objectives: To evaluate Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of AHPL/AYCAP/0413. Material and Methods: 1) Anti-inflammatory activity: Anti-inflammatory activity of AHPL/AYCAP/0413 in comparison with Diclofenac was assessed in carrageenan induced rat Paw edema model. 2) Anti-microbial activity for P. acne: Propionibacterium acnes were incubated under anaerobic conditions. Aliquots of molten BHI with glucose agar were used as the agar base. Formulation and clindamycin (10 μg/ml) were introduced in to the Agar wells randomly. 3) Anti-microbial activity for Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus: Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were incubated under aerobic conditions at 37{\textdegree}C. TSB with glucose agar was used as the agar base. 0.5ml of formulation and clindamycin (10 μg/ml) were introduced in to the wells randomly. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by measuring zones of inhibition (in mm). Result: Significant reduction in rat paw edema (51\% inhibition) was observed with formulation AHPL/AYCAP/0413 which was also comparable to that of Diclofenac (58\% inhibition). Zone of inhibition for formulation was 18.33 mm, 19.20 mm and 26.30 mm for P. acnes, S. epidermidis and S. aureus respectively. This activity was also comparable to that of Clindamycin. Conclusion: AHPL/AYCAP/0413 capsule possesses significant Anti-inflammatory and Anti-microbial activities which further justifies its role in the management of Acne vulgaris.

}, keywords = {Acne vulgaris, AHPL/AYCAP/0413 capsule, Alternative system of medicine, Herbal}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.210328}, author = {Sanjay Nipanikar and Sohan Chitlange and Dheeraj Nagore} }