@article {166, title = {Identification of Bioactive Diterpenoid Lactones using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance from Andrographis paniculata}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {April 2019}, pages = {121-126}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {121}, abstract = {

Background: Andrographis paniculata (AP) (Burm. F) Nees, belongs to the family Acanthaceae, it is also known as a highly bitter plant. In South East Asia this plant is commonly used for cold, cough and respiratory tract infections. Andrographolide (ANG), 14-deoxy-11, 12-didehydroandrographolide (DDA) are the major bioactive diterpenoid lactone compounds of the plant shown vasorelaxant effect, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and to treat variety of diseases which is well-documented. Materials and Methods: The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and 1H-NMR analysis of AP chloroform extract (APCE) revealed the presence of ANG, 14-deoxyandrographolide (DA), and DDA. The main advantage of 1H-NMR is simple, rapid and successfully applied to quantify the active diterpenoids and an alternative to HPLC method to check the presence of various bioactive compounds and its presence in the active raw materials of AP. Results: The results revealed that most active bioactive compounds such as ANG, DA, and DDA are present in the APCE portion of the AP. The chemical shifts of various groups confirmed through 1H-NMR that all the three ANG, DA, and DDA has potent vasorelaxant effect and majority of these compounds are present in the APCE portion and not in the methanol or aqueous fractions. The 1H-NMR study confirmed that diterpenoids such as ANG, DA, and DDA from APCE has vasorelaxant effect on the animal study.

}, keywords = {1H-NMR, Andrographis paniculata, Andrographolide, Bioactive compounds, Diterpenoids, Vasorelaxant}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_117_18}, author = {Raghava N Sriramaneni and Amirin Sadikun and Naveen Kumar Hawala Shivashekaregowda and Annegowda Venkatappa and Mohamad Zaini Asmawi} } @article {737, title = {The Effect of Extracts of Andrographis paniculata Aerial Parts on Rat Thoracic Aorta}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {1}, year = {2009}, month = {January 2010 }, pages = {60-65}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {60}, abstract = {

Andrographis paniculata (AP), (Burf.) Nees. of Acanthaceae, has been used for centuries in Asia to treat GI tract and upper respiratory tract infections, fever, herpes, sore throat, and a variety of other chronic and infectious diseases. AP has cardio protective property and is familiarly known as "King of Bitters". The present study was aimed to investigate the vasorelaxant effect of different solvent extracts of AP on rat thoracic aorta. Petroleum ether, chloroform, and methanol extracts of AP are used in this study. Experiments are performed on male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for possible vasorelaxing activity of AP. Cumulative dose response curves are recorded by using isometric force displacement transducer Model FT-03 and it is connected to Grass Polygraph Model 79D. Additionally, HPLC study of chloroform extract of AP is conducted and compared with commercially available standard andrographolide. Petroleum ether and chloroform extract of AP is first suspended in 1\% (v/v) DMSO then volume made up with Krebs solution. The average of responses to each concentration of the agonist is plotted on the ordinate the logarithm of the concentration of the agonist on the abscissa. Among all these extracts of AP, chloroform extract 80 and 160 9g/mL is found to be the highly significant (P\<0.001) vasorelaxant effect on norepinephrine induced contraction on rat thoracic aortic ring preparations.

}, keywords = {Andrographis paniculata, Norepinephrine, Rat aorta, Vasorelaxant}, doi = {Nil}, author = {S. Raghava Naidu and Amirin Sadikun and Mohd. Zaini Asmawi} }