@article {1419, title = {Identification and Quantification of Four Bioactive Markers in Sanjivani Vati Using High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {April 2025}, pages = {619-626}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {619}, abstract = {

Background: Sanjivani Vati (SV) is an extensively used multicomponent Ayurvedic medicine, recommended for fever, indigestion, dysentery, gastroenteritis and more. The pharmaceutical standardization of SV and estimation of its tannin and embelin content have been reported in previous studies. However, the identification and quantification of other bioactive constituents namely, aconitine, gallic acid and β-asarone, etc. remain unaddressed. Also, concerns arise regarding one of its ingredients i.e. Vatsanabha (Aconite species), historically recognized as one of the most poisonous plants. It is used after meticulous processing specified in classical texts. Still, it is crucial to identify the amount of aconitine being delivered in the drug to ensure optimal therapeutic benefit while minimizing adverse reactions. In addition, another issue is that Vatsanabha is being sold as a mixture of various species in Indian markets. Previous research has highlighted significant qualitative and quantitative variations in the total alkaloid content among different species of Vatsanabha. Materials and Methods: The present communication deals with identifying and quantifying four bioactive markers viz. Gallic acid, Piperine, β-asarone and Aconitine in SV prepared with two species of Vatsanabha namely Aconitum nepellus L. (SV -1) and Aconitum balfourii Holmes ex Stapf (SV-2) using High-performance Thin Layer Chromatography. Results: Gallic acid, piperine and β-asarone were detected in both SV groups. However, aconitine was not detected in any of the samples. Identification was confirmed by matching the Rf and spectrum overlay. The selected solvent system yielded effective separation from the matrix with an \ value of 0.45{\textpm}0.01 for gallic acid, 0.27{\textpm}0.01 for piperine and 0.62{\textpm}0.01 for β-asarone. The amount of gallic acid was determined to be 1266 μg and 1395 μg in 100 mg of SV1 and SV2 respectively. Piperine was 35.70 μg and 49.95 μg per 100 mg of SV1 and SV2, respectively. β-asarone was 135.3 μg and 236.1 μg in SV1 and SV2 respectively. Conclusion: The concentration of all the detected biomarkers is higher in SV-2 than in SV-1. The presence of these marker compounds helps explain the probable mode of action of SV and offers simple, efficient methods for estimating these biomarkers.

}, keywords = {Aconitine, Ayurvedic medicine, Biomarkers, HPTLC, Sanjivani Vati, Vatsanabha}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20252093}, author = {Shreshtha Kaushik and Nikhil Mehere and Mohit Upadhyay and Pramod Yadav and Pradeep Kumar Prajapati} } @article {1508, title = {Pharmacological Review of Anti-Obesity Herbs from Chakradatta: Insights and Mechanisms}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {August 2025}, pages = {1148-1162}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {1148}, abstract = {

Background: Obesity has become a major global health crisis, significantly increasing the risk of Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers, while placing a considerable economic burden on healthcare systems. Its prevalence has more than tripled between 1975 and 2022. With growing concerns over the side effects of synthetic anti-obesity drugs, traditional medicinal herbs are gaining attention for their safer and multi-targeted therapeutic potential. Aim: This review aims to evaluate the efficacy of Ayurvedic herbs in obesity management by examining their roles in modulating key molecular mechanisms associated with lipid metabolism. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted focusing on anti-obesity herbs mentioned in the "Sthoulya" chapter of the classical Ayurvedic text Chakradatta. Databases such as PubMed were searched using keywords and MeSH terms including {\textquotedblleft}Ayurvedic herbs{\textquotedblright} and {\textquotedblleft}anti-obesity.{\textquotedblright} Studies published between 2007 and 2024 were screened for in vivo and in vitro evidence related to the mechanisms of action of these herbs. Clinical trials, case studies, and articles with methodological limitations were excluded. Results: This study explores the impact of 34 Ayurvedic herbs on lipid metabolism and their potential in managing obesity. The herbs evaluated include Embelia ribes, Hordeum vulgare, Phyllanthus emblica, Cyperus rotundus, Piper longum, Aegle marmelos, Premna Serratifolia, Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula, Plumbago zeylanica, Adhatoda zeylanica, Ziziphus mauritiana, Acorus calamus, Alstonia scholaris, Aconitum heterophyllum, Azadirachta indica, Citrullus colocynthis, Saussurea lappa, Brassica campestris, Zingiber officinale, Curcuma longa, Commiphora wightii, Acacia catechu, Piper nigrum, Cuminum cyminum, Moringa oleifera, Picrorhiza kurroa, Coriandrum sativum, Mangifera indica, Punica granatum, Foeniculum vulgare, Tinospora cordifolia, Elettaria cardamomum, Juniperus communis. These herbs demonstrate a wide range of mechanisms in lipid metabolism regulation, such as inhibiting lipogenesis, enhancing lipolysis, regulating appetite, promoting thermogenesis, and improving fat oxidation. Their multi-targeted actions highlight their potential as effective natural agents in the management of obesity. Conclusion: Ayurvedic herbs offer promising multi-targeted approaches for managing obesity. Further scientific validation and clinical studies are essential to establish their efficacy and integrate them into modern therapeutic frameworks.

}, keywords = {Adipose tissues, Obesity, Pathways, Sthoulya}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20250135}, author = {Arushi Saroch and Giramalla Patil and Swapnil Yashwant Chaudhari and Pramod Yadav and Galib Ruknuddin and Pradeep Kumar Prajapati} }