@article {1212, title = {Anti-atherogenic and Synergistic Effect of Decosapentanoic Acid/Linoleic Acid Fatty Acids via Janus Kinase [JAK] Mediate Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase in Rats Fed High Fat Diet}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {152-155}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {152}, abstract = {

Introduction: Atherosclerosis is common CHD caused by accumulation of oxidized LDL-c forming foam cell with macrophage that narrowing blood vessels. It increased risk of CVD. Green vegetables rich with PUFA is important to maintain healthy status. This study investigated the mechanistic pathway mediate combination of Decosapentanoic acid (DPA) and linoleic acid (LA) as anti-atherothengic effect in rats fed high fat diet. Materials and Methods: Seventy-five male albino rats were divided into five groups (15 rats each) were fed high fat diet (40\% Saturated fat) for 3 months: Group (I): Rats given 10 \% DPA. Group (II): Rats given 10 \% LA. Group (III): Rats given 10 \% DPA+10\% LA. Group (IV): Rats treated with atorvastatin (10 mg/kg BW) and Group (v) Untreated. In addition, Group (VI): 15 rats fed normal diet. Results: Data obtained showed that, plasma cholesterol and LDL-c levels were highly significant reduced in group III (p \< 0.001) versus other groups compared with untreated. Level of triglycerides was reduced but still high than normal (p=0.05) and atherogenic index. The activity of HMG-CoA reductase was reduced while apo-A, apo-c elevated, JAK was upregulated in combination therapy (p\< 0.001). The elevated Apo-A, apo-c activate clearing factor and decreased triglycerides. Conclusion: It was concluded that, upregulated of JAK by combination therapy mediate inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase that decreased endogenous synthesis of cholesterol and reduced its level in circulation.

}, keywords = {Atherosclerosis., HMG-CoA reductase, Janus kinase, Omega fatty acids}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.1.19}, author = {Etimad Huwait and Taha Abdullah Kumosani and Said Salama Moselhy} } @article {1163, title = {Possible Inhibition of Renal Protein Glycation by Carnosine and Tocopherol in Diabetic Rat}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {June 2023}, pages = {562-565}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {562}, abstract = {

Background: Carnosine is a biological active dipeptide in different tissue exert physiological role as buffer in muscle and cell cycle division. Tocopherol (vitamin E) is the potent antioxidant natural product. This study investigated the role of carnosine supplementation with vitamin E in protection against nephropathy in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 75 rats grouped into five groups; control and the other rats groups (II-V) were received a single dose of streptozocine i.p, at dose of (65 mg/kg/b.w) for diabetogenesis. GPI were considered as diabetic untreated. Rats in groups 3-6 were treated i.p daily with carnosine (1mg/kg b.w), vitamin E (50,00 IU/kg b.w) or combined (10 mg/kg b.w) respectively for 12 weeks. Fasting serum was subjected for assay of glucose, HbA1c, AGEs, MDA, SOD, total antioxidant activity and inflammatory markers (TNF-α and IL-6). Results: Data obtained showed that, diabetic rats treated with carnosine and Vitamin E showed improvement in glucose, glycated hemoglobin, antioxidant enzymes, decreased inflammatory mediators and AGEs (p \<0.001) versus untreated diabetic. In addition, combined treatment is better than individual treatment (p \<0.05). Conclusion: Promising positive results were spot a new strategy of carnosine and Vitamin E rich food supplements for protection against diabetic complications. It can be used as complementary and alternative therapy for nephropathy, neuropathy and cardiomyopathy.

}, keywords = {AGEs, Carnosine, Diabetic nephropathy, Inflammation, Rat., Vitamin E}, doi = {10.5530/pres.15.3.059}, author = {Etimad Huwait and Maryam A. Al-Ghamdi and Faisal S. Al-Shehri and Said S. Moselhy} }