@article {822, title = {A Comparative Study of the Effect of Come Nutritional Medicinal Plants Effect on Lead Accumulation in the Liver Following Different Modes of Administration}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {August,2014}, pages = {306-311}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {306}, abstract = {

Context and Objectives: Lead (Pb) toxicity leads to cell damage in many organs of the body. Using different treatment interventions and modes of administration we comparatively examined the protective ability of some medicinal plants on liver Pb accumulation. Materials and Methods: Rats were fed on either 7\% w/w Zingiber officinale, 7\% w/w Allium sativum, 10\% w/w Lycopersicon esculentum, 5\%, w/w Garcinia kola (all in rat chow), while Pb (100 ppm) was given in drinking water. The additives were administered together with (mode 1), a week after exposure to (mode 2) or a week before metal exposure to (mode 3) the metal for a period of 6 weeks. The metal accumulations in the liver were determined using atomic absorption spectrometry and compared using analysis of variance. Results: Some additives significantly (P \< 0.05) reduced, while others enhanced Pb accumulation. Mode 2 yielded the highest mean \% protection and mode 3 the lowest, no significant interaction between modes of administration and time of measurement in their relationships to percentage protection, but there was statistically significant (P \< 0.05) interaction between modes of administration and additive used in their relationships to percentage protection. Conclusion: Protective effects of medicinal plants are varied and depend on the nature of lead exposure.

}, keywords = {Accumulation pattern, Allium sativum, Garcinia kola, Lead, Liver, Lycopersicon esculentum, Mode of administration, Zingiber officinale}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.138278}, author = {Chukwuemeka Nwokocha and Novie Younger-Coleman and Magdalene Nwokocha and Daniel Owu and Moses Iwuala} } @article {781, title = {Investigation of Effects of Time of Measurement and Modes of Administration on Cadmium Accumulation in Rat Liver Under Some Medicinal Plants Food Supplemented Diet}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {May,2014}, pages = {240-245}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {240-245}, abstract = {

Context and Objectives: Cadmium (Cd) toxicity leads to cell and organ damage, we comparatively examined the protection ability of different medicinal plants on Cd liver accumulation following different treatment interventions and modes of administration. Materials and Methods: Rats were fed either 7\% w/w Zingiber officinale, 7\% w/w Allium Sativum, 10\% w/w Lycopersicon esculentum, 5\%, w/w Garcinia kola (all in rat chow), while Cd (200 ppm) was given in drinking water. Additives were administered together with (mode 1), a week after (mode 2) or a week before metal exposure (mode 3) for a period of six weeks. Cd liver was determined using AAS and compared using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: All additives significantly (P \<0.5) reduced the accumulation of Cd in the liver. After adjusting for time and mode of administration, mean \%protection for week 4 was significantly lower by 14.1\% (P=0.02) from that for week 2 but the means did not differ with respect to additive used or mode of administration, no statistically significant interaction between modes of administration and either of additives used or time of administration in their respective relationships to percentage protection from Cd. Conclusion: Additives significantly reduced Cd accumulation through a reduction in absorption and enhancement of metal excretion.

}, keywords = {Accumulation pattern, Allium sativum, Cadmium, Garcinia kola, Liver, Lycopersicon esculentum, Mode of administration, Zingiber officinale}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.132604}, author = {Chukwuemeka R. Nwokocha and Novie Younger-Coleman and Magdalene Nwokocha and Daniel U. Owu and Moses Iwuala} }