@article {1262, title = {Phyto-Pharmacognostical Standardization of Three Morpho-Variants of Cissus quadrangularis L.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {518-530}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {518}, abstract = {

Background: Cissus quadrangularis is a perennial climber belonging to the Vitaceae family. The plant is characterized by its succulent stems, which are square in cross-section, hence the specific epithet "quadrangularis." It is used exhaustively in treating osteoporosis and healing bone injury/ fracture due to its rich calcium, phosphorous and phytoestrogen content. The morphological variants C. quadrangularis viz. quadrangular, flat and round stemmed varieties are reported and used for the same purpose. Objectives: The current study aims to establish a comparative assessment of the morpho-anatomical and phytochemical characteristics of C. quadrangularis stem variants, specifically the round, flat and quadrangular varieties. Materials and Methods: The present study involved a comparative macroscopic and microscopic characterization, preliminary phytochemical screening and Chromatographic evaluation (HPTLC) of the stem samples of variants of C. quadrangularis. Results: The present study revealed a lot of similarities in anatomical characteristics, physicochemical parameters, phytochemical analyses and chromatographic observations. Conclusion: Phyto-pharmacognostic standards were established for three morpho-variants of C. quadrangularis.

}, keywords = {Asthisamhara, Cissus quadrangularis, Hadjod, HPTLC., Microscopy, SEM, Stereomicroscopy}, doi = {10.5530/pres.16.3.62}, author = {Goli Penchala Pratap and Mohd. Kashif Husain and Shyam Baboo Prasad and Arun Manohar Gurav and Mokhtar Alam and Goli Penchala Prasad and Younis Iftikhar Munshi} } @article {1050, title = {Phytochemical Identification of Clerodendrum phlomidis Linn. by GC-MS Analysis and its Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {April 2022}, pages = {166-171}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {166}, abstract = {

Background: Agnimantha is an important Ayurvedic medicinal plant mentioned in the text of Acharya charak. Agni means fire and mantha means to rub together to produce fire in ancient times. Objectives: Clerodendrum phlomides Linn. (CP) leaf extracts examined for their phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties, as well as their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AchE). Materials and Methods: A coarse powder was ground from the leaves after being shade dried at room temperature. Alcoholic and hydroalcoholic extracts of leaf tissues were dried and used to identify phytochemicals by gas chromatography, in vitro radical scavenging assays, and AchE inhibition assays. Results: In the phytochemical screening procedures, fifteen constituents were identified in the alcoholic leaf extract of CP. AchE was inhibited by the extracts in a dose dependent manner as demonstrated by in vitro scavenging tests including FRAP assay (alcoholic 215.20 μg/ml and hydro alcoholic 288.70 μg/ ml) and DPPH radical (alcoholic 167.70 μg/ml and hydro alcoholic 347.19 μg/ml). Inhibition of AchE was observed at 250 μg/ml of CP alcoholic and hydroalcoholic leaf extracts. Conclusion: We demonstrate that CP inhibits AchE activity and is capable of scavenging radicals in vitro, indicating that it could serve as an effective therapy for reversing the cholinergic deficit caused by Neurological diseases.

Key words: Clerodendrum phlomides, Antioxidants, Acetylcholinesterase, Phytochemical identification, GC-MS analysis, Oxidative stress.

}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.2.24}, author = {Srinivasan Marimuthu and Arun Manohar Gurav and Goli Penchala Prasad} } @article {627, title = {Regeneration of Multiple Shoots from Petiole Callus of Viola Serpens Wall}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {5}, year = {2013}, month = {April 2013}, pages = { 86-92}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {86}, abstract = {

Experiments were conducted to develop methodology for\ in vitro\ propagation and rapid multiplication of\ Viola serpens\ Wall. using petiole explant. The MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D (6.78 μm) was found most suitable for callus induction in petiole explant. The best growth response and higher rate of shoot regeneration from petiole callus was observed on MS medium containing BAP (11.10 μm) as the average number of shoots could be increased to 36.4 on fourth successive subculturing. Higher rooting response with larger number of roots were observed in shoots inoculated on the half-strength MS medium supplemented with IBA (19.68 μm).

}, keywords = {Callus, Growth Regulators, Multiple Shoots, Petiole, Viola Serpens}, doi = {10.4103/0974-8490.110533}, author = {Umashankar Radheshyam Vishwakarma and Arun Manohar Gurav and Prakash Chandra Sharma} }