@article {1345, title = {In silico Exploration of Gmelina asiatica for Multitarget Neuroprotection in Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s Disease}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {January 2025}, pages = {115-125}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {115}, abstract = {

Background: Gmelina asiatica, commonly known as Asian Bushbeach, has traditionally been used for neurological disorders. Objective: To identify the phytoconstituents activity in Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease through in silico approach. Materials and Methods: The following targets AChE, BACE1, GSK-3, and TACE1 were selected based on AD pathophysiology for in silico studies. The listed phytoconstituents were docked and MD simulations were carried out using Auto Dock and Desmond-maestro, respectively. Further, DFT studies were performed using Gaussview software. Results: Among all listed ligands, isorhoifolin was identified as the most effective compound based on binding scores of AChE (-10.9 kcal/mol), BACE1 (-10.2 kcal/mol), GSK-3 (-9.7 kcal/mol), and TACE1 (-9 kcal/mol). Further, molecular dynamics simulations of BACE1-isorhoifolin and AChE-isorhoifolin complexes demonstrated stability for up to 200 ns. Density Functional Theory (DFT) studies indicated isorhoifolin have energy gap of -0.162 eV along with that electrostatic potential surface map indicates its good reactivity and charge distribution. Additionally, ADMET analysis confirmed that isorhoifolin have drug-likeness properties and safe for human biological system. Conclusion: These study findings suggest that isorhoifolin from Gmelina asiatica may have potential anti-Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s activity meriting further biological evaluations.

}, keywords = {Alzheimer{\textquoteright}s disease, DFT, G. asiatica, Isorhoifolin, Molecular dynamics, Multitargeted approach}, doi = {10.5530/pres.20251950}, author = {Komal Rajesh Andarghiske and Kancharla Bhanukiran and Rasha Ksirri and Siva Hemalatha} } @article {1048, title = {Quality Control Standardization and in-vitro Antioxidant Activity of Marsilea quadrifolia Linn.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {April 2022}, pages = {140-145}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {140}, abstract = {

Background: The species Marsilea quadrifolia L. belonging to the family Marsileaceae is a semi-aquatic plant widely distributed in the tropical and sub-tropical regions of India. The whole plant of Marsilea quadrifolia L. is extensively used for its eminent medicinal properties. Objectives: Despite promising therapeutic benefits, the plant seems to be less explored, and consequently, the present investigation focuses on exploring pharmacognostical parameters, quality control standardization and antioxidant studies. Materials and Methods: The microscopical (transverse sections of leaves, petiole, stem, and root.) studies, leaf constants (stomatal number, vein islet number, etc.), and powder microscopic examination were performed. All physicochemical evaluations, like swelling index, foaming index, etc. were accomplished as per the World health organization (WHO) guidelines. TLC profiling and HPLC standardization of ethanolic extract was also performed. In vitro, antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract were carried out by various methods. Results: The transverse sections of all parts of the plant, leaf constants, and powder microscopy were reported with clear identification. Physicochemical parameters, i.e., foaming index (\<100), Loss on drying (13.99 w/w), moisture content (13.75 w/w), total ash value (13.5 w/w) were done. Ethanolic extract was standardized with reference to quercetin and quantified HPLC data was calculated to be 2.1805{\textpm}0.02089 mg/g. The antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract and its IC50 values are reported. Conclusion: We have reported complete pharmacognostical standardization of Marsilea quadrifolia L. as per WHO guidelines. We have reported the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extract of the whole plant of Marsilea quadrifolia L. along with quantitative estimation of quercetin using HPLC.

Keywords: Quercetin, HPLC, Pharmacognosy, Phytopharmaceuticals, Sushni, European water clover.

}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.2.20}, author = {Kancharla Bhanukiran and Tarkeshwar Dubey and Siva Hemalatha} } @article {448, title = {Protective effect of Withania coagulans fruit extract on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2017}, pages = {354-361}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {354}, abstract = {

Background: Fruits of Withania coagulans (Solanaceae) reported to possess several bioactive compounds as curative agents for various clinical conditions. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug to treat sarcomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, cervical cancer, germ cell tumors, etc. The major factor that limits its clinical use is its dose-dependent nephrotoxicity. Aim: To explore the nephroprotective effect of W. coagulans extract and its modulatory effects against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity. Materials and Methods: W. coagulans fruit extract was quantitatively standardized with withaferin A using high-performance thin-layer chromatography. The subacute toxicity study was performed according to OECD guidelines in experimental rats. Nephrotoxicity in rats was induced by a single dose of cisplatin (6 mg/kg, intraperitoneal). Nephroprotective role of W. coagulans fruit extract at different doses had been evaluated. It includes quantification of serum kidney toxicity markers, renal tissue oxidative stress biomarkers and pro-inflammatory cytokines level, DNA fragmentation assay, and histopathological examination of renal tissue. Results: Withaferin A was found 3.56 mg/g of W. coagulans fruit extract. It significantly prevented the rise in serum urea and creatinine level and also preserve rat kidneys from oxidative stress and free radical induced DNA damage. Histopathological study showed extract treatment eliminates tubular swelling, cellular necrosis, and protein cast deposition in cisplatin treated kidney tissue. It averted the decline in glutathione content, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase. These parameters were restored to near normal levels by extract in a dose of 400 mg/kg, per oral. Conclusion: It can be justified that W. coagulans possess dose dependent protective effect against cisplatin induced kidney damages, primarily through its free radical scavenging and anti inflammatory activity

}, keywords = {Cisplatin, DNA fragmentation assay, nephroprotective, withaferin A, Withania coagulans}, doi = {10.4103/pr.pr_1_17}, author = {Sonam Sharma and Apurva Joshi and Siva Hemalatha} }