@article {1060, title = {Clinical Assessment of Antimicrobial Effects of Brazilian Green Propolis on Chronic Wounds}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {July 2022}, pages = {251-255}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {251}, abstract = {

Objectives: Chronic wounds in patients of several diseases, especially diabetics, comprise a public health problem in Brazil. The aim of this study was evaluate the effects of topical application of 5\% green propolis ointment on nonspecific chronic wounds of patients from a health unit in Cajazeiras, Para{\'\i}ba. Materials and Methods: The patients were divided into two groups: 20 for the intervention group, treated with 5\% green propolis ointment, and 20 participants for the control group, treated with an essential fatty acid, plus vitamins A and E, which has standard application in the Brazilian Public Service, both during 30 days. The following clinical variables were observed: complications (necrosis, crust), aspects of the skin around the lesion, appearance and amount of exudate, signs of infection, presence of pain during treatment, appearance of any complication and odor. Forty participants were surveyed from May 2017 to October 2018. Results: Most of them were women (52.5\%) aging from 76 to 95 years (55\%), and illiterate (77.5\%). The prevalent bacteria in the wounds were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and most of the sensitive antibiotics were aminoglycoside. In the control group, two of eight participants evaluated on the first day remained infected, whereas, in the group treated with green propolis ointment, all nine patients had infection cleared, with reduction of pain, 81.8\% decrease of lesions with purulent exudate, and 73.4\% debridement of devitalized tissue. Conclusion: These results confirm the potential of the green propolis ointment as a debridement, bactericide, and the ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms, and adsorb odors.

}, keywords = {Chronic wound, Clinical trial, Propolis, Treatment, Wound infection}, doi = {10.5530/pres.14.3.36}, author = {Pascalle Sousa Rocha and Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca and David Feder and Luiz Elidio Greg{\'o}rio and Joserlan Nonato Moreira and Luis Rafael Leite Sampaio and Glaucia Luciano da Veiga and Fulvio Alexandre Scorza and Beatriz da Costa Aguiar Alves and Thais Gasc{\'o}n and Carla Alessandra Scorza and Fabio Ferreira Perazzo} } @article {79, title = {Anticoagulant Activity of Crude and Phenolic Extracts of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub. Dried Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Research}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {June 2021}, pages = {121-128}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {121}, abstract = {

Background: Ischemic diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide; therefore, the search for new compounds with safer and more effective anticoagulant and antiplatelet action becomes relevant. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub. dry leaf extract, a species of the Fabaceae family that is commonly found in Brazil, on blood coagulation. Materials and Methods: A statistical design of experiments was carried out with selection of five factors and two levels, resulting in 32 different ethanolic raw extracts. The extracts were resuspended in saline and tested in a pool of human blood. The activated partially thromboplastin time (APTT) and the prothrombin time (PT) were analysed in a Thrombolyzer{\textregistered}. Results: Treatment using ethanol 70\%, a drug/solvent ratio of 5\%, pH 9 and dynamic maceration for 6 hrs resulted in the best combination for the extraction of total phenols, while ethanol 70\%, a drug/solvent ratio of 5\% and dynamic maceration for 24 hrs showed the best flavonoid extraction, with the pH being inconclusive. On average, all extracts were capable of increasing both APTT and PT, especially those in lower dilutions (1:5); however, the overall efficacy of the extracts is inconclusive. Conclusion: The species under study showed important results in the blood clotting process in vitro, increasing the mean time of APTT and PT, which suggests that Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub. has some potential as a possible drug in the anticoagulant class.

}, keywords = {Anticoagulant activity, Dalbergia ecastaphyllum (L.) Taub., Flavonoids, Phenolic compounds, Plant extracts}, doi = {10.5530/pres.13.3.3}, author = {Enrico Rogatto Rovetta and Mara Angelina Galv{\~a}o Magenta and Tha{\'\i}s Moura Gascon and Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca and Robson Miranda da Gama and Jos{\'e} Armando Jr and Hor{\'a}cio Dorigan Moya} }