The Antioxidant Potential of Leaf, Bark, and Flower Extracts of Vateria indica L.

Background: Vateria indica L. is an extremely endangered tree belonging to Family Dipterocarpaceae. In almost all Unani, Ayurveda, and Siddha medicines, the resin obtained from this tree is used to treat various diseases. Objectives: The present study evaluates Vateria indica L's antioxidant potential and quantification of total phenol and flavonoid content in dry and fresh bark, leaf, and flower extracts. Materials and Methods: The analysis of phenol quantification has been determined utilizing Folin-Ciocalteau reagent, and gallic acid utilized as the standard, and flavonoid quantification has been computed by aluminium chloride colorimetric assay. DPPH radical scavenging assay is employed to analyze antioxidant activity. Results: Fresh bark extracts presented maximum phenol content (417.4mg GAE/g), whereas the fresh flower extract showed the least phenol (78.675 mg GAE/g). Highest flavonoid content has been found in fresh bark, afterward, dry bark, fresh leaf, dry leaf, dry flower, and fresh flower. Antioxidant activity is exhibited by all the extracts studied. Flower and leaf extracts showed comparable antioxidant activity. Maximum antioxidant activity has been exhibited by fresh bark extract, having (IC₅₀ value of 28.995 μg per mL. Conclusion: Results of current study recommend that bark, leaves, flower extracts, both fresh and dry, of Vateria indica L. contain phenols and flavonoids and exhibit good antioxidant properties, which could be exploited further as a potent source of natural antioxidants.