HPLC-DAD Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, Antidiabetic and Anti-quorum Sensing Properties of Bitter Kola (Garcinia kola) and Kolanut (Cola acuminata)

Sameh Boudiba; Selcuk Kucukaydin; Alfred Ngenge Tamfu; Kom Blaise; Aristide Mfifen Munvera; Yasmine Arab; Ozgur Ceylan; Rodica Mihaela Dinica

HPLC-DAD Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase, Antidiabetic and Anti-quorum Sensing Properties of Bitter Kola (Garcinia kola) and Kolanut (Cola acuminata)

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Research,2023,15,2,373-383.

DOI:10.5530/pres.15.2.040

Published:February 2023

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Sameh Boudiba¹, Selcuk Kucukaydin², Alfred Ngenge Tamfu^3,4,*, Kom Blaise⁵, Aristide Mfifen Munvera⁶, Yasmine Arab⁷, Ozgur Ceylan⁴, Rodica Mihaela Dinica⁸

¹Department of Matter Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Natural and Life Sciences, Larbi Tebessi University, Tebessa, ALGERIA.

²Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Koycegiz Vocational School of Health Services, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, TURKEY.

³Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Mineral Industries, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, CAMEROON.

⁴Food Quality Control and Analysis Program, Ula Ali Kocman Vocational School, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, TURKEY.

⁵Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, CAMEROON.

⁶Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, CAMEROON.

⁷Laboratory of Biomolecules and Plant Breeding, Life Science and Nature Department, Faculty of Exact Science and Life Science and Nature, University of Larbi Ben Mhidi Oum El Bouaghi, ALGERIA.

⁸Dunarea de Jos University, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Galati, ROMANIA.

Abstract:

Background: Eating Cola acuminata and Garcinia cola nuts in African societies symbolizes in socio-cultural hospitality. They stimulate the nervous system, reduce fatigue and sleep. Objectives: To determine the phenolic composition and bioactivities of G. kola and C. acuminata. Materials and Methods: Hydro-ethanol extracts of the nuts were prepared and their phenolic profiles determined using HPLC-DAD. Antioxidant, anticholinesterase, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing properties were determined. Results: The most abundant phenolic compound was caffeic acid (105.4±0.75 mg/g) in C. acuminata and myricetin (277.2±0.90 mg/g) in G. kola. The extracts showed good antioxidant activity in five complementary assays and G. kola was more active than both α-tocopherol and BHA standards in the DPPH•, CUPRAC and ABTS•+ assays while C. acuminata was more active than only the α-tocopherol standard in the same assays. Activities were close to those of standards in the β-Carotene-linoleic acid and metal chelation assays. Both extracts had good inhibition of Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with IC₅₀ values 63.27±0.98 μg/mL and 94.15±1.05 μg/mL for C. acuminata and G. kola respectively compared to 5.50±0.25 μg/mL for galantamine in the AChE assay. In the BChE assay, the inhibitory activity was higher for G. kola (IC₅₀ = 38.66±0.80 μg/ mL) that the standard galantamine (IC₅₀ = 42.20±0.48 μg/mL) while that for C. acuminata (IC₅₀ = 87.31±0.77 μg/mL) was moderate. The extracts inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase with G. kola (IC₅₀=18.43±0.74 μg/mL) being more active than standard acarbose (IC₅₀=20.52±0.84 μg/mL in the α-glucosidase assay. The nuts could inhibit expression of virulence factors in Chomobacterium violaceum CV12472 by disrupting violacein production and flagellated Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA01 by disrupting swarming motility. Conclusion: The results indicate good nutraceutical potential of both nuts.