In vitro Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Dioecious Morus alba (Moraceae) Extracts

Paramita Basu; Charitha Thallapareddy; Camelia Maier

In vitro Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Properties of Dioecious Morus alba (Moraceae) Extracts

Articles

Abstract

Pharmacognosy Research,,2021,13,1,13-21.

DOI:10.4103/pr.pr_103_20

Published:April 2021

Type:Original Article

Authors:

Author(s) affiliations:

Paramita Basu¹, Charitha Thallapareddy², Camelia Maier²

¹Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Pittsburgh Center for Pain Research, and the Pittsburgh Project to End Opioid Misuse, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA

²Department of Biology, Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA

Abstract:

Background: Diabetes mellitus, characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, is a serious metabolic disorder affecting large populations worldwide. Mulberry food and supplement products known for their antidiabetic and antioxidant properties are commonly used in Asian and other countries. Objectives: The present study investigated for the first time the antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of dioecious (male and female) mulberry (Morus alba, Moraceae) extracts from leaf and stem tissues collected in two different seasons. Materials and Methods: In vitro α-amylase, α-glucosidase, polyphenol content analyses, and free radical scavenging activities were performed. Results: All extracts showed higher inhibition of α-glucosidase than α-amylase in a dose-dependent manner. Fall female stem, fall male stem, and fall female leaf extracts exhibited the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. Fall male and fall female leaf extracts showed the highest ferric reducing activity. 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities were more potent for all extracts compared to 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activities. The highest DPPH and NO radical scavenging activities were induced by fall male leaf extracts. Spring extracts contained more phenolics and fall extracts more proanthocyanidins. Correlations between IC₅₀ values of extracts used in vitro antidiabetic and antioxidant activities and polyphenol chemical classes were both positive and negative. In general, male extracts were more potent in their antidiabetic and antioxidant activities than female extracts. Conclusion: Overall, results showed that growing season, sex and organ of mulberry trees influence antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of extracts, knowledge that could be used in formulating effective dietary supplements for treating diabetes, and oxidative stress-related diseases.