Gas Chromatography‑High‑Resolution Mass Spectrometry Elucidation and in vitro Cell Line Studies (Sulforhodamine B) on Niosomal Gel of Benincasa hispida

Background: The Cucurbitaceae family has been known for its presence of phytoconstituents, namely, lupeol, β-sitosterol, terpenoids, phenols, and proteins with therapeutic potential. Objectives: The research paper tries to focus on major therapeutic field of people demographic area of type of cancer. Soxhlet extraction of Benincasa hispida (BH) was carried out and crude extract was converted to powder. Niosomal gel was formulated after the optimization of drug concentration from the extract of Niosomal solution. Solution with maximum entrapment was selected for the preparation of gel. Gel was prepared by using different Carbopol grades and with comparison of different parameters. Gel was studied for gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) evaluation for check toxicity. Biologic activity was analyzed by SRB (Sulforhodamine B) assay with in vitro cell lines (human oral cancer cell line KB and Mus Musculus skin melanoma B16-F10). Results: Solution which was clear and white was selected for gel development. Carbopol 934 (1') as gelling agent showed good formulation properties. It was non-gritty, easily spreadable, and washable. The gel with maximum entrapment efficiency was evaluated further. GC-HRMS revealed 1.2-ethyl 2-Hexen-1-ol; 1,8-(3-Octyl-2-oxiranyl)-1-octanol; Dodecanoic acid, 2-penten-1-yl ester; Cholestane, 4, 5-epoxy-,(4α,5α); Cyclopentaneundecanoic acid; 17-octadecynoic acid; Octadecanoic acid, methyl ester; Methyl oleate; Tridecanoic acid, methyl ester; and Silane, dimethyl (2,3,6, tricholrophenoxy) heptadicycloxy. The selected cell lines did not show satisfactory activity at different concentrations in SRB assay. Conclusion: This research paper tried to witness the probable potential of BH for cancer with analytical base. Future studies may be undertaken at various stages and levels to further explore the potential of these families of plants.