| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2020 | Volume
: 12
| Issue : 3 | Page : 207-211 |
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Toxicological study of the effect in vivo and in vitro of Artemisia herba-alba aqueous extract in rats
Ali Lahna1, Naima Benjelloun1, Nadia Seddik1, Mernissi Farida2, Abdallah Naya1, Mounia Oudghiri1
1 Department of Biology, Immunology and Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Casablanca, Morocco
2 Department of Anatomo-Pathology, Hospital University Center of IBN Rochd, Faculty of Medicine, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco
Correspondence Address:
Prof. Mounia Oudghiri
Immunology and Biodiversity Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Route El Jadida, BP 5366, Maarif, Casablanca
Morocco
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/pr.pr_4_20
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Background: Artemisia herba-alba (AHA) is largely used in folk medicine in different countries. However, rare studies provided toxicological evaluation regarding their safety on human health. Objective: This study investigated the safety of the standardized aqueous extract of AHA, like used by patients, to evaluate their toxicity in vivo and in vitro. Materials and Methods: For toxicological evaluation in vivo we used acute (during 14 days) and sub-acute oral gavages in Wistar rats (rats treated daily for 42 days at 1–5 g/kg bw) and the 3-[4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was performed to determine the level of cell viability and the degree of cytotoxicity in vitro (0–30 μg/ml) on cultured spleen cells. Results: The LD50was up to 2 g/kg. Signs of mortality and toxicity were observed after single doses and no-observed-adverse-effect levels in the sub acute toxicity was up to 2 g/kg bw. Compared to the control, the treatment did not produce any statistically significant changes on alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase serum titer. However, for creatinine and urea serum value, a significant increase (P < 0.05) was observed. The histological observations of liver and spleen tissues have shown well-preserved normal cells. Indeed for kidney tissues some artifacts of retraction and vascular congestion were noted for 3–5 g/kg doses after sub-chronic treatment. The addition of plant extracts to the spleen cells did not show any sign of toxicity for all doses tested. Conclusion: We conclude that AHA aqueous extract at the dosage up to 2g/kg bw will be toxic and can affect mainly the kidney tissues.
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